“…For a core material, calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) was used to decrease the material resorption rate and promote the osteogenic potential due to Ca 2+ release. CO 3 Ap blocks are fabricated through a dissolution‐precipitation reaction using a precursor such as CaCO 3 , tricalcium phosphate, gypsum, and calcium phosphate dihydrate (Ayukawa, Suzuki, Tsuru, Koyano, & Ishikawa, ; Cahyanto, Maruta, Tsuru, Matsuya, & Ishikawa, ; Kunio Ishikawa, ; Kunio Ishikawa et al, ; Kanazawa et al, ; Lin, Matsuya, Nakagawa, Terada, & Ishikawa, ; Wakae et al, ). For example, CO 3 Ap blocks are fabricated by immersing a CaCO 3 block in the Na 2 HPO 4 solution.…”