Fabrication of Bioresource-Derived Porous Carbon-Supported Iron as an Efficient Oxidase Mimic for Dual-Channel Biosensing

Abstract

Herein, we designed a new strategy for fabricating a renewable bioresource-derived N-doped hierarchical porous carbon-supported iron (Fe/NPC)-based oxidase mimic. The obtained results suggested that Fe/NPC possessed a large specific surface area (1144 m2/g) and pore volume (0.62 cm3/g) to afford extensive Fe-Nx active sites. Taking advantages of the remarkable oxidase-mimicking activity, outstanding stability, and reusability of Fe/NPC, a novel dual-channel biosensing system was strategically fabricated for sensitively determining acetylcholinesterase (AChE) through the integration of Fe/NPC and fluorescent silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) for the first time. The limits of detection for AChE can achieve as low as 0.0032 and 0.0073 U/L by the outputting fluorometric and colorimetric dual signals, respectively. Additionally, this dual-signal system was applied to analyze human erythrocyte AChE and its inhibitor with robust analytical performance. This work provides one sustainable and effective avenue to apply a bioresource for fabricating an Fe/NPC-based oxidase mimic with high catalytic performance and also gives new impetuses for developing novel biosensors by applying Fe/NPC-based enzyme mimics as substitutes for the natural enzyme.

Nanozyme-Participated Biosensing of Pesticides and Cholinesterases: A Critical Review

“…More advanced techniques (fluorescence, electrochemical, photoelectrochemical, SERS, et al) are expected to be combined with nanozyme catalysis for better detection. For instance, some products originating from nanozyme catalysis can interact with additional species with the fluorescence feature, and they can promote or quench the luminescence of the latter via inner filter effect, photoinduced electron transfer, Förster resonance energy transfer, aggregation induced emission, intramolecular charge transfer, and so on, providing the basis for sensing targets using the fluorescence mode with higher sensitivity [81,82]. Besides, the species produced from nanozyme catalysis as well as the substrates used for nanozyme catalysis can also be probed by electrochemistry via recoding their redox signals [85,132], enabling us to monitor analytes via electrochemical devices.…”

“…As a result, more TMB was catalytically oxidized by PAA-CeO 2 to exhibit a deeper blue color. The ChEnanozyme cascade system can also be designed on the basis of the TCh competition effect disturbing fluorescence resonance energy transfer or inner filter effect [81,82]. For instance, our group prepared bifunctional Fe-based metal-organic frameworks (NH 2 -MIL-101(Fe)) with both peroxidase-mimetic catalytic activity and photoluminescence for the ratiometric fluorescence sensing of carbaryl (Figure 3B) [31].…”

Advances in Visual Immunoassays for Sensitive Detection of Mycotoxins in Food—A Review

“…Although these approaches achieved superior sensitivity, most of them rely on traditional single-signal readout mode. And these strategies might encounter the limitation of inaccuracy for mycotoxins evaluation, which was partly ascribed to external interferences, such as nonstandard test processes, different operators, or diverse surrounding environments [77][78][79]. Recent development in mycotoxins immunoassays enable the integration of visual and various signal transduction techniques into dual-signal strategies, and thus offering multi models for mycotoxins detection because of their self-calibration.…”

Supramolecular‐mediated ball‐in‐ball porous carbon nanospheres for ultrafast energy storage

“…[6][7][8] Early efforts have focused on creating hierarchical pores using different precursors such as biomass, polymers, and metal-organic frameworks. [9][10][11][12][13] More recent efforts have been dedicated to controlling the pore size distribution, volume fraction of pores, and morphology of HPC, leading to promising capacitance and energy density, such as 313 F g À1 for threedimensional HPC (3D-HPC) in KOH electrolyte 14 and an energy density of 139 Wh kg À1 for two-dimensional HPC (2D-HPC) in an ionic liquid electrolyte developed by our group. 15 However, despite the advantageous capacitance of supercapacitors achieved at relatively low current densities, their power density, along with other metrics, requires further improvement to meet future demands.…”

“…It is well‐documented that micropores provide predominant adsorption sites, whereas meso‐ and macropores allow efficient mass transport 6–8 . Early efforts have focused on creating hierarchical pores using different precursors such as biomass, polymers, and metal–organic frameworks 9–13 . More recent efforts have been dedicated to controlling the pore size distribution, volume fraction of pores, and morphology of HPC, leading to promising capacitance and energy density, such as 313 F g −1 for three‐dimensional HPC (3D‐HPC) in KOH electrolyte 14 and an energy density of 139 Wh kg −1 for two‐dimensional HPC (2D‐HPC) in an ionic liquid electrolyte developed by our group 15 .…”