Fabrication of bifocal lenses using resin that can be processed by electron beam lithography after ultraviolet-nanoimprint lithography

Periodically patterned surfaces can cause special surface properties and are employed as functional building blocks in many devices, yet remaining challenges in fabrication. Advancements in fabricating structured polymer surfaces for obtaining periodic patterns are accomplished by adopting "top-down" strategies based on self-assembly or physico-chemical growth of atoms, molecules, or particles or "bottom-up" strategies ranging from traditional micromolding (embossing) or micro/nanoimprinting to novel laser-induced periodic surface structure, soft lithography, or direct laser interference patterning among others. Thus, technological advances directly promote higher resolution capabilities. Contrasted with the above techniques requiring highly sophisticated tools, surface instabilities taking advantage of the intrinsic properties of polymers induce surface wrinkling in order to fabricate periodically oriented wrinkled patterns. Such abundant and elaborate patterns are obtained as a result of self-organizing processes that are rather difficult if not impossible to fabricate through conventional patterning techniques. Focusing on oriented wrinkles, this review thoroughly describes the formation mechanisms and fabrication approaches for oriented wrinkles, as well as their fine-tuning in the wavelength, amplitude, and orientation control. Finally, the major applications in which oriented wrinkled interfaces are already in use or may be prospective in the near future are overviewed.

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Section: What Are Oriented Wrinkles?mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wrinkled Interfaces: Taking Advantage of Anisotropic Wrinkling to Periodically Pattern Polymer Surfaces

et al. 2023

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“…Over the past decades, Fresnel lenses have emerged as a key player in photonics, 3D displays, optical imaging, diffractive networks, high-dynamic all-focus imaging, and long-distance optical communication 1 – 7 . However, conventional Fresnel lenses are fabricated by electron-beam writing 8 , which has several drawbacks, such as these lenses often suffer from low diffraction efficiency due to electron-beam precision and speed limitations, especially for complex or large apertures. The focal length is fixed during fabrication, necessitating a complete redesign for any changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive focal lengths in white light focusing Fresnel lenses enabled by reflective-type and phase-only spatial light modulator

Selvaraj,

Wang,

Hou

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Fresnel zone plates (FZPs) are widely used in integrated optical systems to meet new cutting-edge demands for photonic integration and device miniaturizing. However, their use in applications of cross-scale fabrication still faces several obstacles, such as low efficiency, fixed focal length, single wavelength, large size, and complicated fabrication. Here, we first examine a novel adaptive focal length in white light focusing by using reflective-type and phase-only spatial light modulator (RLC-SLM) based on a liquid crystal on silicon. The device achieves a maximum diffraction efficiency of approximately 38% at primary focal points of binary phase-type FZPs throughout the visible range (red, green, and blue wavelengths). The RLC-SLM focuses the light of the desired wavelength while other sources are defocused. White light focusing and color separation are demonstrated by sequentially and additively switching different FZPs. These recent advances show that optically tunable FRZs are promising potential candidates to enhance adaptive camera systems, microscopes, holograms, and portable and wearable devices, thereby opening up novel possibilities in optical communications and sensing.

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“…UV-NIL is a nanoscale pattern-transfer process that uses a release-coated mold with nanoscale patterns and a UV-curable resin [5]. UV-NIL has recently been used not only to pattern resins but also to transfer silver ink and fabricate devices [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. In UV-NIL, the patterned mold is directly contacted with the UV-curing resin, which causes resin adhesion, leading to the formation of defects in the mold [14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer Durability of Re-release Coated Replica Mold on Ultraviolet Nanoimprint Lithography

Wakasa,

Taniguchi

2023

J. Photopol. Sci. Technol.

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In recent years, the scaling of semiconductors, optical devices, and other devices has led to a demand for technologies to efficiently produce microstructures. Consequently, nanoimprint lithography, commonly known as NIL, has gained particular attention. However, NIL has several limitations, and one main drawback is that the repeated use of the mold causes the release layer to deteriorate, and resin adhesion renders the mold unusable. A solution to this problem is to predict at which usage cycle resin adhesion occurs to the mold and to perform the mold release treatment again before the resin adhesion occurs. Using the line and space (L&S) pattern mold, the lifetime of the replica mold was determined after the first and second re-release treatments. Re-release treatment resulted in a higher contact angle of the replica molds and extended their lifetime.

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Fabrication of bifocal lenses using resin that can be processed by electron beam lithography after ultraviolet-nanoimprint lithography

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Wrinkled Interfaces: Taking Advantage of Anisotropic Wrinkling to Periodically Pattern Polymer Surfaces

Wrinkled Interfaces: Taking Advantage of Anisotropic Wrinkling to Periodically Pattern Polymer Surfaces

Adaptive focal lengths in white light focusing Fresnel lenses enabled by reflective-type and phase-only spatial light modulator

Transfer Durability of Re-release Coated Replica Mold on Ultraviolet Nanoimprint Lithography

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