Fabrication of Bi-2223 superconducting thick films via a non-vacuum method on silver foil substrates

Biaxially textured (Bi, Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3O x thin films on LaAlO3 substrates fabricated via the chemical solution deposition method

“…The XRD θ/2θ patterns of the pyrolyzed film and LAO substrate are shown in figure 2(b). It could be observed that alkaline-earth cuprate (AEC) phases Sr m Ca n Cu l O x (where (m+n): l=2:1, 1:1 or 14:24 [17]) and the Ca 2 PbO 4 phase were formed after the pyrolysis step. Figure 2(c) shows the surface morphology of the pyrolyzed film observed by optical microscope, which was homogeneous in general with a few bubbles.…”

“…The XRD θ/2θ patterns of the final samples are illustrated in figure 3. According to XRD peaks and the literature [17,[32][33][34], the final samples contained three different phases of the Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O (BSCCO) material system, which were (Bi, Pb)-2201, (Bi, Pb)-2212, and (Bi, Pb)-2223. The intensities of the (Bi, Pb)-2201 peaks were all negligible compared to the other two phases in the XRD patterns, and there were some weak peaks of impurity phases such as Pb 3 (Bi 0.5 Sr 2.5 )Ca 2 CuO x (Pb-3321), Ca 2 PbO 4 , and AEC phases.…”

“…To better understand the phase evolution along with T S increasing, the relative volume fraction of the (Bi, Pb)-2223 phase ( f V2223 ), which was defined and utilized in our previous studies on tape samples [35] and film samples [17,28], was calculated by When T S increased from 800 °C to 830 °C, f V2223 varied from zero to about 20%, indicating the domination of the Bi-2212 phase. When T S was above 835 °C, f V2223 increased significantly, with a maximum value of 86.6% at a T S of 840 °C.…”

“…The fabrication techniques of Bi-2223 thin films have also been studied by many groups mainly through two routes. In the first route, uniaxially textured Bi-2223 thick films could be obtained on silver foil substrates [17,18]. In the second route, biaxially textured Bi-2223 thin films were deposited epitaxially on single crystal substrates, such as LaAlO 3 (LAO) and SrTiO 3 .…”

“…They found that a reversible formation of (Bi, Pb)-2223 from the liquid phase could be realized in heat treatment by using sealed quartz tubes. Similar methods have also been used to improve the J c of (Bi, Pb)-2223 thick films [17] and (Bi, Pb)-2223 thin films [22].…”