Fabrication of agar‐gelatin hybrid scaffolds using a novel entrapment method for in vitro tissue engineering applications

Verma, Vipin; Verma, Poonam; Kar, Sasmita; Ray, Pratima; Ray, Alok R.

doi:10.1002/bit.21111

Cited by 45 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…To this end it would be interesting if the present antibacterial nanohybrids could be integrated with known tissue engineering scaffolds to develop superior soft nanocomposites. Agar-gelatin (2∶1) hydrogel cross-linked with glutaraldehyde is well-known matrix that has been used for the proliferation of mice fibroblast cells (NIH3T3) [56], [66]. However, such materials need to have the antibacterial property to be utilized as ideal tissue engineering scaffold.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of SWCNT-Ag Nanoparticle Hybrid Included Self-Assemblies for Antibacterial Applications

2014

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The present article reports the development of soft nanohybrids comprising of single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) included silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) having superior antibacterial property. In this regard aqueous dispersing agent of carbon nanotube (CNT) containing a silver ion reducing unit was synthesised by the inclusion of tryptophan and tyrosine within the backbone of the amphiphile. The dispersions were characterized spectroscopically and microscopically using TEM, AFM and Raman spectroscopy. The nanotube-nanoparticle conjugates were prepared by the in situ photoreduction of AgNO3. The phenolate residue and the indole moieties of tyrosine and tryptophan, respectively reduces the sliver ion as well as acts as stabilizing agents for the synthesized AgNPs. The nanohybrids were characterized using TEM and AFM. The antibacterial activity of the nanohybrids was studied against Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Micrococcus luteus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella aerogenes). The SWCNT dispersions showed moderate killing ability (40–60%) against Gram-positive bacteria however no antibacterial activity was observed against the Gram negative ones. Interestingly, the developed SWCNT-amphiphile-AgNP nanohybrids exhibited significant killing ability (∼90%) against all bacteria. Importantly, the cell viability of these newly developed self-assemblies was checked towards chinese hamster ovarian cells and high cell viability was observed after 24 h of incubation. This specific killing of bacterial cells may have been achieved due to the presence of higher –SH containing proteins in the cell walls of the bacteria. The developed nanohybrids were subsequently infused into tissue engineering scaffold agar-gelatin films and the films similarly showed bactericidal activity towards both kinds of bacterial strains while allowing normal growth of eukaryotic cells on the surface of the films.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of SWCNT-Ag Nanoparticle Hybrid Included Self-Assemblies for Antibacterial Applications

2014

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“…For quantification of cell attachment after 24 h, the medium from each well (containing unattached cells) was counted using a hemocytometer. [14] Cell Viability-MTT Assay…”

Section: Cell Attachment Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[14] To prepare the standard curve (absorption as a function of gelatin concentration), reference gelatin solutions in PBS (pH 7.4) were prepared at 5 different concentrations in the range of 0.05-1 g/L. Then, the hydrogel disk samples (1 cm diameter, 5 mm thickness) were immersed in 5 ml PBS (37 • C, pH 7.4).…”

Section: Evaluation Of Integral Stability Of Blend Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Agarose-Gelatin Blend Hydrogels as a Cell Encapsulation Matrix: An In-Vitro Study

Imani

Emami

Moshtagh

et al. 2012

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part B

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Cell encapsulation represents an alternative nonviral technique to treat multiple diseases, leading to a reduction or even absence of administration of immunosuppressants. Hydrogels have been introduced as novel materials suitable for cell encapsulation. This study involves agarose-gelatin blend hydrogels with four different weight percentage ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75) of agarose to gelatin. Prepared blend hydrogels were assessed in terms of rheological behavior (gel point by using complex viscosity), cell attachment (hemocytometer), cell viability and cytotoxicity (3-(3,4-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliium bromide, MTT assay), and mechanical and integral stability (Bradford test and shear force rupture assay, respectively). Based on the obtained rheological experimental results, the sol-gel transition point for 50:50 was in the physiological condition range (35 • C-37 • C). The percent of nonattached cells on the surface of the hydrogel decreased from 92% for the 100:0 sample to 46.3% for the 50:50 sample, and the cell viability was more than 95%. A good structural integrity was achieved for samples with weight ratio of 50:50; 20.195% gelatin was released during the 24 h in phosphate buffer solution at 25 • C and the mechanical stability of agarose-gelatin microcapsules under shear force were improved about 14% rather than pure agarose microcapsule.

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“…The cytocompatibility of different weight ratio of these hybrids was investigated, and films and scaffolds containing agar and gelatin in 2 : 1 weight ratio exhibited the best growth kinetics of mouse fibroblast cell line NIH3T3 (Verma et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

In vitro antistaphylococcal effects of a novel 45S5 bioglass/agar- gelatin biocomposite films

et al. 2013

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Aims To assess the antibacterial efficacy of new composite materials developed from microparticles of 45S5 bioactive glass (BG) and agar–gelatin films. Methods and Results In vitro antibacterial activity was evaluated against Staphylococcus spp. because of the importance of this pathogen in damaged tissues and in failures associated with biomaterial implants. To our knowledge, this is the first paper reporting on the suitable combination of BG and agar–gelatin for bioactive and antibacterial films. Bacterial suspensions up or below 105 CFU ml−1 reflecting situations of wound infection and of noninfection, respectively, were prepared and then put in contact with the biomaterials at 37°C. After 24 and 48 h of incubation, the pH value was measured and the staphylococci strains viability was determined by counting in Mueller–Hinton agar plates. Moreover, the biomaterials were prepared for observation under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Biocomposites (BCs) showed a strong antibacterial effect against all staphylococci strains tested. Some differences were found depending on the strain, the inoculum size and the contact time. This effect was correlated with an alkalinization of the media. By SEM analyses, no bacterial presence was observed on the surface of BCs in any of the cell concentrations tested at any time. Conclusions Overall, the coating of 45S5 BG on agar–gelatin films promoted BCs with strong antistaphylococcal activity. The effect was efficient under bacterial concentration up or below 105 CFU ml−1. Additionally, none of the strains were found on BCs surfaces. Significance and Impact of Study 45S5 bioglass/agar–gelatin biocomposite films are reported for the first time. The results suggest a potential application as wound dressing.

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Fabrication of agar‐gelatin hybrid scaffolds using a novel entrapment method for in vitro tissue engineering applications

Cited by 45 publications

References 20 publications

Fabrication of SWCNT-Ag Nanoparticle Hybrid Included Self-Assemblies for Antibacterial Applications

Fabrication of SWCNT-Ag Nanoparticle Hybrid Included Self-Assemblies for Antibacterial Applications

Preparation and Characterization of Agarose-Gelatin Blend Hydrogels as a Cell Encapsulation Matrix: An In-Vitro Study

In vitro antistaphylococcal effects of a novel 45S5 bioglass/agar- gelatin biocomposite films

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