Fabrication of acoustically and physically validated artificial stones to natural kidney stones under shock waves and laser lithotripsy
Hyeji Park,
Sang Won So,
Christine Joy G. Castillo
et al.
Abstract:To present an efficient method for fabricating artificial kidney stones with acoustic and physical properties to assess their fragmentation efficiency under shock waves and laser lithotripsy for very hard stones. The mixture ratio of super-hard plaster and water was adjusted to produce artificial kidney stones for comparison with > 95% human genuine calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) and uric acid (UA) stones. Acoustic and physical properties, such as wave speed, stone hardness, density, compressive strength… Show more
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