Fabrication of a donkey spleen ferritin–pectin complex to reduce iron release and enhance the iron supplementation efficacy

Sun, Mingyang; Gan, Jing; Li, Yuehuan; Dai, Shuhan; Lv, Chenyan; Zhao, Guanghua

doi:10.1039/d2fo01338j

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…It has been showed that the level of serum ferritin compared to free iron in the blood gives a better prognosis than the accumulated iron in the liver [27]. Although the level of serum-free iron was not investigated in our study, the findings regarding the significant relationship between serum ferritin and liver enzymes are completely consistent with the findings of our study, and it seems that the increase in serum ferritin level has a significant relationship with liver damage [25,31,[40][41][42]. liver enzymes were investigated in thalassemia patients [43].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Evaluation of the level of liver enzymes and its relationship with ferritin and the frequency of blood transfusion in patients with thalassemia

Saravani,

Ostadrahimi,

Jahanifard

2024

Cell. Mol. Biomed. Rep.

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Thalassemia major is the most common hemolytic anemia in Iran and the world that causes an increase in complications in patients, one of the most important of which is liver complications. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the level of liver enzymes and their relationship with ferritin and the frequency of blood transfusions in patients with thalassemia. This study was performed on 73 patients with thalassemia major. Demographic, clinical and laboratory information were recorded from the medical files. Data were analysed using SPSS version 22 software. Our study showed significant increasing trend in the AST, ALT and ALP levels in thalassemic patients. However, these changes were not statistically significant amount patients with different frequencies of blood transfusion (p>0.05). Among liver enzymes, just AST and ALT had significant correlations with serum ferritin (p<0.001). In addition, serum ferritin levels of more than 1625 mg/dl could predict the abnormal liver enzymes with the highest sensitivity (59%) and specificity (100%) when considering ALT and AST levels as diagnostic measures for liver problems. Due to the high prevalence of liver damage in thalassemia patients, serum ferritin in combination with the other factors can be applied as a suitable index for assessment of the liver function. Article info

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Evaluation of the level of liver enzymes and its relationship with ferritin and the frequency of blood transfusion in patients with thalassemia

Saravani,

Ostadrahimi,

Jahanifard

2024

Cell. Mol. Biomed. Rep.

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“…After dialyzing in 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH = 7.5), DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300 were used to purify crude PZ. Donkey spleen ferritin (DSF) was purified as referred to in previous methods [14].…”

Section: Preparation Of Protein Z and Donkey Spleen Ferritinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, it is reported that under the reaction of ferritin with reductants, the cleavage and mutation of DNA increased via a Fenton reaction of free iron ions released from ferritin [13]. To prevent iron release, we chose beer as a reducing agent and fabricated a donkey spleen ferritin-pectin complex with electrostatic interaction in previous research, and the iron release from ferritin in beer was significantly reduced by 52.68% [14]. However, Foods 2023, 12, 234 2 of 12 exogenous pectin additives are unstable, which might increase the viscosity and affect the taste of food.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FA is the most abundant phenolic acid in beer, the contents of which range from 83.9 ± 0.35 to 296.02 ± 4.88 µg/100 mL [18,19]. Meanwhile, ferulic acid has been proven to induce ferritin to release iron [14]. Of all the interactions in beer components, the protein-polyphenol interaction contributes an important role in beer's stability, flavor, and visual appearance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inhibition of Iron Release from Donkey Spleen Ferritin through Malt-Derived Protein Z–Ferulic Acid Interactions

Sun

Liu

Chen

et al. 2023

Foods

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Protein–small molecule interactions naturally occur in foodstuffs, which could improve the properties of protein and small molecules. Meanwhile, they might affect the bioavailability and nutritional value of proteins. Ferritin, as an iron-storage protein, has been a focus of research. However, the complexity of foodstuffs enables the interaction between ferritin and food components, especially polyphenols, which can induce iron release from ferritin. Thus, the application of ferritin in food is limited. Inspired by the natural-occurring, strong protein–polyphenol interactions in beer, to inhibit the iron release of ferritin, the malt-derived protein Z (PZ) was chosen to interact with ferulic acid (FA), an abundant reductant in malt, beer, and other foodstuffs. The analysis of the interaction between PZ and FA was carried out using fluorescence spectroscopy, the results of which suggest that one PZ molecule can bind with 22.11 ± 2.13 of FA, and the binding constant is (4.99 ± 2.13) × 105 M−1. In a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, FA was found to be embedded in the internal hydrophobic pocket of PZ, where it formed hydrogen bonds with Val-389 and Tyr-234. As expected, compared to iron release induced by FA, the iron release from donkey spleen ferritin (DSF) induced by FA decreased by 86.20% in the presence of PZ. Meanwhile, based on the PZ–FA interaction, adding PZ in beer reduced iron release from DSF by 40.5% when DSF:PZ was 1:40 (molar ratio). This work will provide a novel method of inhibiting iron release from ferritin.

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Fe(Ⅲ) concentrations controlled highly soluble carboxylated inulin–Fe toward efficient supplement of iron

Zhang

Wang²,

et al. 2023

Food Hydrocolloids

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Fabrication of a donkey spleen ferritin–pectin complex to reduce iron release and enhance the iron supplementation efficacy

Abstract: Iron deficiency is a global issue, influencing more than one-third of the population in the world. Ferritin as a natural iron-containing protein is considered marvelous iron supplement due to its...

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Evaluation of the level of liver enzymes and its relationship with ferritin and the frequency of blood transfusion in patients with thalassemia

Evaluation of the level of liver enzymes and its relationship with ferritin and the frequency of blood transfusion in patients with thalassemia

Inhibition of Iron Release from Donkey Spleen Ferritin through Malt-Derived Protein Z–Ferulic Acid Interactions

Fe(Ⅲ) concentrations controlled highly soluble carboxylated inulin–Fe toward efficient supplement of iron

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