Fabrication of a ceramic/metal (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Al) composite by 3D printing as an advanced refractory with enhanced electrical conductivity

Prathumwan, Rat; Subannajui, Kittitat

doi:10.1039/d0ra01515f

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Some examples of this variability are summarized in Table 1 . [ 119,138,188,218,296,370,371,374,378,382,384–408 ]…”

Section: Critical Considerations Regarding Sdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials Requirements in Fused Filament Fabrication: A Framework for the Design of Next‐Generation 3D Printable Thermoplastics and Composites

Sola

2022

Macro Materials & Eng

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Fused filament fabrication (FFF), also known as fused deposition modeling, is the leading technology for polymer-based additive manufacturing. The simplicity, along with the cleanness, the affordability, and the multi-material capability, are some of the main advantages that have prompted this success. Nonetheless, the uptake of FFF in industry is hampered by the limited functionality of commercial filaments, that are often based on plain thermoplastics. The future growth of FFF into new markets needs a significant improvement of available materials. However, materials requirements in FFF are complicated and often mutually conflicting. Whereas heuristic approaches to materials design imply significant costs in terms of time, energy, and materials, a critical survey of the main requirements that a new material should fulfill in order to be printable and suitable for commercial adoption is still missing. In order to bridge this gap, the present paper analyzes the workflow from filament production to end-of-life disposal of printed objects, and, for each step, brings to light the governing materials properties. Wherever possible, practical guidelines are given on acceptable values. Existing lacks of knowledge are identified to direct future studies. The ultimate goal is to provide a road map to making materials development in FFF more efficient.

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“…Some examples of this variability are summarized in Table 1 . [ 119,138,188,218,296,370,371,374,378,382,384–408 ]…”

Section: Critical Considerations Regarding Sdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials Requirements in Fused Filament Fabrication: A Framework for the Design of Next‐Generation 3D Printable Thermoplastics and Composites

Sola

2022

Macro Materials & Eng

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“…Nevertheless, the required activity is often low, and post-printing treatment is required for optimizing the functionality and activity of the printed parts . Recently, incorporating a high load of metal particles in PLA enabled the FDM 3D printing of copper/PLA objects, providing high thermal and electrical conductivity. − However, devices printed with commercial metal/PLA filaments are often electrically insulating, and the removal of the non-conductive PLA and the sintering of the metal particles with temperatures around the melting point of the metal are required to obtain conductive parts. − For this sintering process, the printed object is packed in a refractory material to prevent oxidation reactions, and to keep the 3D-printed part in shape until the particles are fused, and the object is cooled down to form a stable structure. Common refractory materials are graphite or Al 2 O 3 ; in principle, however, any material sustaining the sintering temperature can be used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photo-Responsive Doped 3D-Printed Copper Electrodes for Water Splitting: Refractory One-Pot Doping Dramatically Enhances the Performance

2022

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3D-printed electrochemical systems and devices are highly interesting due to their customizability and point-of-need fabrication capabilities. The most common and accessible fused deposition modeling (FDM) often requires modification of the resulting material, usually by atomic layer deposition or electrodeposition. We show doping of FDM-printed copper electrodes with metal oxide crystals via a one-pot preparation step. We will show that such doped materials have dramatically enhanced photoelectrochemical properties. We utilize the fact that the copper/polylactic acid filament requires the sintering of 3D-printed parts as a post-printing procedure to form electrically conductive devices useful for electrochemical applications. Thermally stable refractory materials (i.e., graphite or Al2O3) are mandatory for the sintering process to support the 3D-printed structure. Such refractory materials can dope the surface of the 3D-printed electrode in a one-pot process. For example, here, the Al2O3 microcrystals dramatically affect the measured photocurrents and the performance of the photoelectrodes. The detailed investigation using scanning photoelectrochemical microscopy to image electro- and photoelectrochemical-generated H2 and O2 offers spatially resolved information about the photoelectrochemical activity. Therefore, the presented work will have profound implications for the design and fabrication of metal-based electrochemical and photoelectrochemical 3D-printed devices because the doping method can be transferred to other metals and refractory materials.

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“…A prototype sample of a 3D clay printer is developed and utilized to verify its efficiency before use to create high-precision shapes or make patch antenna substrates [20][21][22]. The procedures of 3D printing with ceramics [23][24][25] are shown in Fig. 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A trial to convert a polymer FDM 3D printer to handle clay materials

Chaari¹,

Abdelfatah²,

Loreno³

2022

SN Appl. Sci.

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The research aims to show the ability to convert the Fused Deposition Modeling 3D printer to be compatible with the clay mixture after modifying the structure, setting up Cura software, and changing the print head technology. This solution provides research teams and scientists with opportunities in several ways (manufacture patch antenna substrate, dielectric automobile sensors, and ceramic dielectric aerospace technology). Additive manufacturing allows the production of many intricate shapes with ceramics, which is difficult with a traditional method. This paper used WASP ceramic slurry as raw material for Liquid Deposition Modeling (LDM) of various samples using the Archimedes screw and air pressure dispensing technique (a two-step process). LDM is a low-cost and straightforward technology appropriate for the clay prototype scale. Different clay-built shapes have been produced with water-to-clay ratios ranging from 0.57 to 0.69. The effect of the nozzle size in printing experiment tests is demonstrated. The experiment tested the print head (extruder) mechanism, the properties of the materials suitable for the putty, and how the wet slurry material is extruded from the nozzle. The optimum air pressure and slicing configuration for efficient printing are provided. Samples were stress-tested after they were dried for 24 h at average laboratory temperature and then exposed to 1000$$^\circ $$ ∘ for 1 h.

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Fabrication of a ceramic/metal (Al₂O₃/Al) composite by 3D printing as an advanced refractory with enhanced electrical conductivity

Abstract: An Al2O3/Al composite is fabricated by the 3D printing, sintering, and calcination processes that can be used in refractory applications.

Cited by 17 publications

References 29 publications

Materials Requirements in Fused Filament Fabrication: A Framework for the Design of Next‐Generation 3D Printable Thermoplastics and Composites

Materials Requirements in Fused Filament Fabrication: A Framework for the Design of Next‐Generation 3D Printable Thermoplastics and Composites

Photo-Responsive Doped 3D-Printed Copper Electrodes for Water Splitting: Refractory One-Pot Doping Dramatically Enhances the Performance

A trial to convert a polymer FDM 3D printer to handle clay materials

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Fabrication of a ceramic/metal (Al2O3/Al) composite by 3D printing as an advanced refractory with enhanced electrical conductivity

Abstract: An Al2O3/Al composite is fabricated by the 3D printing, sintering, and calcination processes that can be used in refractory applications.

Cited by 17 publications

References 29 publications

Materials Requirements in Fused Filament Fabrication: A Framework for the Design of Next‐Generation 3D Printable Thermoplastics and Composites

Materials Requirements in Fused Filament Fabrication: A Framework for the Design of Next‐Generation 3D Printable Thermoplastics and Composites

Photo-Responsive Doped 3D-Printed Copper Electrodes for Water Splitting: Refractory One-Pot Doping Dramatically Enhances the Performance

A trial to convert a polymer FDM 3D printer to handle clay materials

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Fabrication of a ceramic/metal (Al₂O₃/Al) composite by 3D printing as an advanced refractory with enhanced electrical conductivity