Fabrication methods of glass fibre composites—a review

MWCNTs (multiwalled carbon nanotubes) were applied to fiber-reinforced composite materials with phenolic resin having flame retardance for the composite heating panels of railroad vehicles. Instead of dispersing MWCNTs in the matrix, the surface of a pristine plain-weave glass fiber fabric was coated with MWCNTs through a series of dip-coating and drying processes, followed by the resin infusion of the phenolic resin to make the composite heating panel. Before and after the resin infusion process, low percolation thresholds of 0.00216 wt%MWCNT (weight percent of MWCNTs) and 0.001 wt%MWCNT, respectively, were achieved, as were very high electrical conductivities of 47.5 S/m at 0.210 wt%MWCNT and 26.7 S/m at 0.116 wt%, respectively. The low threshold and high conductivity can be attributed to the formation of electrical pathways directly onto the glass fabrics. It was confirmed that mechanical properties such as modulus, strength, and maximum strain were at the same level as those of the pristine glass fabric composite. The heating performance with temperature uniformity, as well as the electrical and mechanical properties, indicates that the resin-infused glass fabric composite having MWCNTs directly coated onto the fabric surface can be a solution for lightweight structural composite heating panels for railway vehicles.

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“…A composite panel with the MWCNT-coated GF fabrics was prepared via VARIM [ 25 ]. The order is as follows.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MWCNT-Coated Glass Fabric/Phenol Composite Heating Panel Fabricated by Resin Infusion Process

et al. 2023

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“…The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration estimated that over 60% of cases among 11,927 fatal passenger car accidents were due to frontal collisions, and frontal collisions were found to be the most harmful accident in 2021 [1]. This, together with a range of environmental concerns and social pressures backed by legislation, has led and will continue to lead to highly innovative design involving lighter materials such as light metals and composites [2][3][4][5]. The use of composite materials, however, is also governed by their ability to meet the increasing demands for crashworthiness, with the ultimate goal being the reduction of occupant harm and/or vehicle damage [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Design of a Piecewise-Integrated Composite Bumper Beam with Machine-Learning Algorithms

Ham,

Ji,

Cheon

2024

Materials

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In the present study, a piecewise-integrated composite bumper beam for passenger cars is proposed, and the design innovation process for a composite bumper beam regarding a bumper test protocol suggested by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety is carried out with the help of machine learning models. Several elements in the bumper FE model have been assigned to be references in order to collect training data, which allow the machine learning model to study the method of predicting loading types for each finite element. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional implementations are provided by machine learning models, which determine the stacking sequences of each finite element in the piecewise-integrated composite bumper beam. It was found that the piecewise-integrated composite bumper beam, which is designed by a machine learning model, is more effective for reducing the possibility of structural failure as well as increasing bending strength compared to the conventional composite bumper beam. Moreover, the three-dimensional implementation produces better results compared with results from the two-dimensional implementation since it is preferable to choose loading-type information, which is achieved from surroundings when the target elements are located either at corners or junctions of planes, instead of using information that comes from the identical plane of target elements.

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“…Due to these beneficial properties, they have been used for structural materials of aircraft and space vehicles. As low-cost manufacturing technologies and mass production methods for composite structures have been established, the application of composite materials to leisure sport goods and auto-bodies are being increased nowadays [5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Design of Piecewise Integrated Composite Bumper Beam With Machine Learning Algorithm

Ham¹,

Cheon²

2023

Preprint

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In the present study, piecewise integrated composite (PIC) bumper beam for passenger cars was proposed and design optimisation process for composite bumper beam against IIHS test was carried out with the help of machine learning. Several elements in IIHS bumper FE model have been assigned to be references, in order to collect training data which, allow the machine learning model to study the method of predicting loading types of each finite element. 2-D and 3-D implementations were provided by machine learning models, which determined stacking sequences of each finite element in PIC bumper beam. It was found that the PIC bumper beam, which was designed by machine learning model has direct impact on reducing the possibility of failure as well as increasing bending strength effectively than conventional composite bumper beam. Moreover, 3-D implementation produced better results compared with 2-D implementation since it was preferable to choose loading type information which was achieved from surroundings when the target elements were located either at corner or junction of planes instead of using information came from the same plane of target.

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Fabrication methods of glass fibre composites—a review

Cited by 15 publications

References 87 publications

MWCNT-Coated Glass Fabric/Phenol Composite Heating Panel Fabricated by Resin Infusion Process

MWCNT-Coated Glass Fabric/Phenol Composite Heating Panel Fabricated by Resin Infusion Process

The Design of a Piecewise-Integrated Composite Bumper Beam with Machine-Learning Algorithms

The Design of Piecewise Integrated Composite Bumper Beam With Machine Learning Algorithm

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