Fabrication, characterization and evaluation of bacterial cellulose-based capsule shells for oral drug delivery

Latest Advances on Bacterial Cellulose‐Based Materials for Wound Healing, Delivery Systems, and Tissue Engineering

“…As a result of the nonbioabsorbable nature of BC in the human body, the use of BC as delivery systems for drugs and other molecules has been limited essentially, as can be observed from Table , to dermal patches and oral capsules . For the development of dermal patches, the porosity of BC is easily exploited to load drugs with different features, ranging from antibacterial activity to anticancer properties .…”

“…Additionally, BC can be further optimized by chemical modifications with other (bio)polymers or by producing BC‐based materials, to better control its cargo release, burst, or sustained release, and even responsive releases to pH, temperature, or electromagnetism . For the development of oral formulations, BC has been used in combination with other biopolymers for a controlled release of the drug within, e.g., for the oral delivery of insulin, and hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs alike …”

“…Studies of drug delivery systems for oral administration also benefited from exploiting BC characteristics. For the first time, BC capsules for oral administration were prepared by Ullah et al . Capsule shells of pure BC or BC conjugated with starch, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose or carboxymethyl cellulose were prepared and used for encapsulation of salbutamol sulfate.…”

“…All formulations showed a superior burst release for both drugs, contrasting to the slower release of tizanidine by the commercial product. Taking examples from these studies, novel formulations can be designed to prepare drug delivery systems for oral administration that need to exploit the properties of BC, such as the ones presented: water insolubility and high water‐holding capacity, ultrafine fiber network and high porosity, and ease of production into desired shapes.…”

Screening and enzymatic activity of high-efficiency gellan lyase producing bacteria Pseudoalteromonas hodoensis PE1

“…The sequencing products were listed on the Ezbiocloud website for homologous comparison [17] and the phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA7.0.26 software. Spore staining [18], capsule staining [19], flagellum staining [20] and gram staining [21] were carried out on high activity lyase strains and the specific morphologies of the strains were observed by scanning electron microscope [22]. Biochemical identification tubes were used to complete the tests of methyl red, Volpe test, arginine, ornithine, lysine, ONPG(O-Nitrophenyl-β-D-Galactopyranoside), sucrose, glucose, xylose, hydrogen sulfide, aesculin, urea, and nitrate to determine the physiological and biochemical properties of the bacterial strains [23].…”