Fabrication Approaches of Soft Electronics

Tan, Joel Ming Rui; Farraj, Yousef; Kamyshny, Alexander; Magdassi, Shlomo

doi:10.1021/acsaelm.2c01728

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 182 publications

(226 reference statements)

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“…In recent studies, the utilization of SR shows considerable interest as a prominent material for wearable devices. This highly versatile and stretchable substrate offers numerous advantages in the fabrication of wearable electronic devices 13 . With its electro‐active properties, SR matrices serve as ideal substrates for these devices 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electro‐bio‐mechanical behavior of graphite nanoplatelets–silicone rubber‐based composites for wearable electronic systems

Azam,

Kumar,

Park

2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Adding graphite nanoplatelets (GNP) into silicone rubber (SR) composites have shown significant potential for wearable electronics, where electrical, mechanical, and tribological properties play a crucial role. This study investigates the effects of incorporating graphite nanoplatelets (GNP) into SR composites and their impact on these key properties. Solution mixing of SR and GNP was performed to confirm good dispersion of the GNP within the SR matrix. The results showed improved tensile strength and modulus while stabilizing the flexibility and stretchability required for wearable electronics. For example, the tensile strength of the composites was 0.86 MPa (control) and increased to 1.18 MPa (5 part per hundred rubber [phr] GNP), and 1.55 MPa (15 phr GNP). Similarly, the stretchability was 177 % (control) and increased to 190 % (5 phr GNP), and 184 % (15 phr GNP). Moreover, the electro‐mechanical tests were studied and the output voltage for the samples were 0.28 milli‐volt (mV) (5 phr GNP), and 0.31 mV (15 phr GNP). Similarly, the output voltage generation was studied through human motions. The results obtained from these biomechanical motions such as thumb pressing were 0.7 mV (5 phr GNP), and 2.7 mV (15 phr GNP). The study finds the potential of GNP‐SR composites as multifunctional materials such as wearable electronics. Overall, this research guides the development of advanced wearable devices, soft robotics, and bio‐inspired electronics with improved performance and durability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This highly versatile and stretchable substrate offers numerous advantages in the fabrication of wearable electronic devices. 13 With its electro-active properties, SR matrices serve as ideal substrates for these devices. 14 Furthermore, by incorporating fillers such as graphene, the electrical conductivity of SR 8,15 can be greatly enhanced.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro‐bio‐mechanical behavior of graphite nanoplatelets–silicone rubber‐based composites for wearable electronic systems

Azam,

Kumar,

Park

2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Due to the growing applications of these devices, new manufacturing techniques have been investigated to improve the functionality of PSEs. Currently, many different PSEs have been manufactured using various two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) techniques such as inkjet printing, screen printing, and 3D printing 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromechanical characterization and computational analysis of the corona-enabled electrostatic printed flexible strain sensors

Schmid,

Sunada,

Wong

et al. 2024

Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials XVIII

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Printed flexible electronics have received extensive attention due to their significant potential for advancing wearable technologies, such as for monitoring human physiological health and biomechanics. However, current manufacturing techniques (e.g., inkjet printing and screen printing) of these electronics are typically limited by high cost, lengthy fabrication times, and types of print materials. Thus, this study investigates a novel manufacturing technique, namely corona-enabled electrostatic printing (CEP), which leverages high voltage discharged in the air to attract feedstock material particles onto substrates. The CEP technique can potentially fabricate various functional materials in milliseconds, forming binder-free microstructures. This study focuses on optimizing the CEP technique to produce high-performance, flexible, piezoresistive strain sensors. Here, the strain sensors will be fabricated with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using different discharge voltages. The effect of the discharge voltage (i.e., a critical fabrication parameter) on the sensing performance will be characterized via electromechanical testing. In addition, to better understand the sensing mechanism of the samples, finite element analysis will be performed to investigate the electromechanical response of the CEP-fabricated binder-free CNT networks. Here, computational material models will be established based on microstructures of the CNT networks, which will be acquired from experimental microscopic imaging. Overall, this study will fundamentally advance the CEP manufacturing process for flexible electronics.

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“…[36,43,44] Substrates are typically coated using metallic or nonmetallic conductive inks. [39,45] Metallic ones are the less resistive but also the priciest. [39] Nonmetallic inks include conductive polymers or nanocarbons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐Healing, Recyclable, Biodegradable, Electrically Conductive Vitrimer Coating for Soft Robotics

Spallanzani,

Najafi,

Zahid

et al. 2023

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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Sensors and transducers enable the robots’ movements and interactions with humans and the environment. Particularly, tactile and motion sensors, even those inspired by the human skin, often miss many of its essential features. Indeed, the materials that constitute such sensors are often rigid and lack self‐healing and biodegradability. Furthermore, the large‐scale diffusion of these technologies propelled by robots spread in many aspects of the lives, from industrial to household settings, contributes heavily to the electronic and robotic waste problem. Recycling strategies for materials for robotics sensors are thus pivotal for future development. This work proposes self‐healable, recyclable, and biodegradable electrically conductive coatings. These coatings are based on conductive inks that combine graphene nanoplatelets and carbon nanofibers with a soft biodegradable vitrimer binder and are realized by spray coating. The use of the vitrimer ensures satisfying adhesion to diverse substrates, flexibility, conformability, self‐healing, and recyclability of the conductive coating. This material is a sustainable alternative to standard conductive inks for flexible electronics and soft robotics. Indeed, tests for the live monitoring of SoftHand3, the grasping system of many worldwide diffused robots, have yielded promising results. The use of biodegradable ingredients and the possibility of recycling makes it an appealing material to face the sustainability issue of today's electronics and robotics.

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Fabrication Approaches of Soft Electronics

Cited by 13 publications

References 182 publications

Electro‐bio‐mechanical behavior of graphite nanoplatelets–silicone rubber‐based composites for wearable electronic systems

Electro‐bio‐mechanical behavior of graphite nanoplatelets–silicone rubber‐based composites for wearable electronic systems

Electromechanical characterization and computational analysis of the corona-enabled electrostatic printed flexible strain sensors

Self‐Healing, Recyclable, Biodegradable, Electrically Conductive Vitrimer Coating for Soft Robotics

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