Fabrication and validation of a low-cost, medium-fidelity silicone injection molded endoscopic sinus surgery simulation model

Abstract

NA Laryngoscope, 127:781-786, 2017.

Development and validation of a 3D‐printed model of the ostiomeatal complex and frontal sinus for endoscopic sinus surgery training

“…Another group developed a medium fidelity model that was shown to improve ESS skills among residents, but their model was difficult to build, as it was entirely molded by hand . More recently, 1 group developed a medium fidelity 3D‐printed model that was shown to be useful for basic endoscopic skills acquisition . Some factors may limit the use of these models, including need to assemble the model, inability to alter the anatomy, and the inability to perform a comprehensive ESS procedure.…”

Three‐dimensional printing of a low‐cost, high‐fidelity laryngeal dissection station

“…Three‐dimensional printing is being used in an increasing number of clinical and educational applications given its ability to create complex architecture in a rapid, reproducible fashion at reasonably low costs. Within otolaryngology, recent applications include scaffolds for microtia repair, nasal reconstruction, and tracheal grafts, as well as construction of sinus surgery simulators …”

“…Within otolaryngology, recent applications include scaffolds for microtia repair, nasal reconstruction, and tracheal grafts, as well as construction of sinus surgery simulators. 11,12…”

The Role of Simulation in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Training

“…The Georgetown low-cost sinus trainer costs $5 and allows the trainee to practise basic endoscopy and sinus surgery skills including recess probing, targeted injections, removal of a suture, removal of a foreign body and antrostomy creation using an egg [19,20] University of Toronto developed a low-cost, low-idelity, easily constructed simulator for $20 with ive diferent training modules and demonstrated that training on the model had a positive impact on ESS skills [21,22]. More recently, the University of Texas [23] have produced a silicone injection moulded ESS simulation model at low cost and testing revealed high ratings for both face and construct validity. Storz have crafted a lifelike training model based on real computed tomography images.…”