Fabrication and Optimization of a Nanoporous Platinum Electrode and a Non-enzymatic Glucose Micro-sensor on Silicon

Abstract

Abstract:In this paper, optimal conditions for fabrication of nanoporous platinum (Pt) were investigated in order to use it as a sensitive sensing electrode for silicon CMOS integrable non-enzymatic glucose micro-sensor applications. Applied charges, voltages, and temperatures were varied during the electroplating of Pt into the formed nonionic surfactant C 16 EO 8 nano-scaled molds in order to fabricate nanoporous Pt electrodes with large surface roughness factor (RF), uniformity, and reproducibility. The fabricated nanoporous Pt electrodes were characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and electrochemical cyclic voltammograms. Optimal electroplating conditions were determined to be an applied charge of 35 mC/mm 2 , a voltage of -0.12 V, and a temperature of 25 °C, respectively. The optimized nanoporous Pt electrode had an electrochemical RF of 375 and excellent reproducibility. The optimized nanoporous Pt electrode was applied to fabricate non-enzymatic glucose micro-sensor with three electrode systems. The fabricated sensor had a size of 3 mm x 3 mm, air gap of 10 µm, working electrode (WE) area of 4.4 mm 2 , and sensitivity of 37.5 µA•L/mmol•cm 2 . In addition, it showed large detection range from 0.05 to 30 mmolL -1 and stable recovery responsive to the step changes in glucose concentration. OPEN ACCESSSensors 2008, 8 6155

Nonenzymatic free-cholesterol detection via a modified highly sensitive macroporous gold electrode with platinum nanoparticles

“…Next, the Pt nanoparticles were electroplated on the macroporous Au electrode by means of a constant potential (−0.12 V vs. Ag/AgCl) and charge condition of 70 mC. The electrode was then soaked in distilled water for several hours to remove the C 16 EO 8 (Lee et al, 2008). Finally, the macroporous Au electrode with Pt nanoparticles was formed.…”

A Colloidal Nanopatterning and Downscaling of a Highly Periodic Au Nanoporous EGFET Biosensor

“…34 Oligonucleotides capture on nanoporous membrane has been mainly directed by electrophoretic force generated by an applied bias voltage across the membrane. [11][12][13][14] Moreover, an electroosmotic flow from the drift motion of scattering ions around a nanopore by wall surface charge supplies predictable impact in molecular capture. Output signals were produced by the inherent negative charges of hybridized target DNA molecules which triggered the positive shift based of the point of zero charge (PZC) of the Au surface 35 from before to after the 1 h hybridization phase on source-drain current, I DS , of the EGFET as a function of gate voltage (V G ).…”

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“…As described in a previous report, 19,20 porous gold powder was easily obtained and pressed to form a pellet-type electrode. The Immobilization process for the 3'-SH aptamer followed the method used for the SPR chip.…”