FPGA is a logic device that allows users to program. It has experienced unprecedented rapid development since its inception, and now it has become the core chip device for designing digital circuits. As an application oriented and capital-intensive technology system, FPGA plays an important role in computer, communication, automobile and other fields. With the continuous progress of semiconductor preparation technology, the performance of FPGA devices has also achieved leaps and bounds. Of course, new problems and challenges have emerged. Therefore, we need to constantly improve the architecture and algorithm of FPGA, and explore ways to make FPGA achieve higher performance and efficiency. This paper reviews the development of FPGA, and expounds the mainstream design technology of FPGA. It also summarizes the main advantages and disadvantages of FPGA, and points out the direction of future FPGA research.