Fabrication and investigation of the bionic curved visual microlens array films

Kuo, Way; Lin, Syuan-You; Hsu, Sheng-Wei; Yu, Hsin Her

doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2017.03.020

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…8 Current approaches include multistep processes relying first on lithography followed by mechanical deformation. 2,13,14 Prior work replicated the curvature of both the ommatidium and the compound eye, with some limitations on either the size of the structure or the curvature (and the FOV). 14−16 While the focus of prior work has been on replicating the curvature of both the ommatidia and the compound eye but in the absence of its nanoscale surface features (nanonipple).…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Challenges in synthetically reproducing the structures, characteristic length scales, and multifunctionality of the compound eye highlight the need to develop scalable methods to fabricate materials with multiple spherical features spanning length scales from nanometers to millimeters . Current approaches include multistep processes relying first on lithography followed by mechanical deformation. ,, Prior work replicated the curvature of both the ommatidium and the compound eye, with some limitations on either the size of the structure or the curvature (and the FOV). − While the focus of prior work has been on replicating the curvature of both the ommatidia and the compound eye but in the absence of its nanoscale surface features (nanonipple). An additional challenge in the development of processes to mimic the mosquito eye involves scalability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multifunctional Liquid Marble Compound Lenses

Shin

Huang

Neibloom

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Mosquito compound eyes are elaborate multifunctional hierarchical structures. The presence of ordered curved features spanning length scales of nanometers to millimeters provides the mosquito eye with a wide field of view, an infinite depth of field, and antifogging properties. Developing bio-inspired compound lenses is challenging because of the need to mimic all characteristic curvatures along with their functionalities. Herein, we show how the curvature inherent to nanoparticles, emulsion droplets, and liquid marbles can be employed to mimic the hierarchical structure and functionality of mosquito compound eyes. At the nanometer to micrometer length scale we employ nanoparticle-stabilized emulsion droplets of photocurable oil to form microlenses with nanoscale surface features. After polymerization, the microlenses form a monolayer on an oil droplet to create an optically clear, millimeter scale, liquid marble that functions as a compound lens. We characterize the optical and surface properties of the compound lenses and find that they reproduce the functionality of the mosquito eye. Additionally, we exploit the mobility and reconfigurability of liquid marbles to create arrays (centimeter scale) of compound lenses and other types of functional lenses such as the Janus lens that magnifies the image acquired by the compound lens. Simple and scalable methods to create compound lenses could aid in the development of miniaturized advanced vision systems.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Liquid Marble Compound Lenses

Shin

Huang

Neibloom

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Compound eyes of arthropods such as ants, flies and bugs have attracted extensive research interests due to their unique features such as wide fields of view (FOV), high sensitivities to motions and infinite depths of field [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. These compound eyes are integrated, lightweight and smart optical imaging systems composed of multiple individual lenses arranged on a hemispherical surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Fabrication of an Artificial Compound Eye for Multi-Spectral Imaging

et al. 2019

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The artificial compound eye (ACE) structure is a new type of miniaturized, lightweight and intelligent imaging system. This paper has proposed to design a multi-spectral ACE structure to enable the structure to achieve multi-spectral information on the basis of imaging. The sub-eyes in the compound eye structure have been designed as diffractive beam splitting lenses with the same focal length of 20 mm, but with the different designed center wavelengths of 650 nm, 532 nm, and 445 nm, respectively. The proximity exposure lithography and reactive ion etching process were used to prepare the designed multi-spectral ACE structure, and the spectral splitting and multi-spectral imaging experiments were carried out to verify the multi-spectral imaging function of the structure without axial movement. Furthermore, the structure can be designed according to actual requirements, which can be applied to covert reconnaissance, camouflage identification, gas leakage or other fields.

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“…However, a common feature leaded by the planar substrate of such compound eye arrays is the lack of FOV. To solve this issue, on the basics of such fabrication methods, several supplementary methods such as the thermomechanical deformation [13], [16] or the negative pressure [17], [18] were adopted to bend the substrate for the purposes of changing the orientation of MLA and expanding the FOV. Nevertheless, the fabrication process of such elements with enlarged FOV requires complicated experiment setups and rigorous environments controls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose-Modulated Maskless Lithography for the Efficient Fabrication of Compound Eyes With Enlarged Field-of-View

Liu

Deng

et al. 2019

IEEE Photonics J.

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In this paper, a method of dose-modulated maskless lithography (DMML) with high efficiency for the fabrication of a special compound-eyes array with enlarged field-ofview is proposed. Before the fabrication process, practical measurements were primarily conducted to quantify the dose-modulated effect. Next, a digital gray pattern, generated according to the required exposure dose distribution of the design structure, was adopted as a virtual mask to modulate the exposure depth point-by-point. In this way, the whole exposure process requires only one-step. Besides, because the DMML uses sequential gray-levels to modulate the exposure depth, the fabricated structure has a more continuous profile surface. Combined with the thermal reflow process, and the pattern reversion process, the compound eyes array was transferred to the planar polydimethylsiloxane films with high quality. Subsequent tests reveal that the physical performance of fabricated compound eyes array, including the surface profile and the rotated orientation, has a good agreement with our design.

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Fabrication and investigation of the bionic curved visual microlens array films

Cited by 21 publications

References 17 publications

Multifunctional Liquid Marble Compound Lenses

Multifunctional Liquid Marble Compound Lenses

Design and Fabrication of an Artificial Compound Eye for Multi-Spectral Imaging

Dose-Modulated Maskless Lithography for the Efficient Fabrication of Compound Eyes With Enlarged Field-of-View

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