Fabrication and geometric characterization of highly-ordered hexagonally arranged arrays of nanoporous anodic alumina

Stępniowski, Wojciech J.; Nowak-Stępniowska, Agata; Michalska-Domańska, Marta; Norek, Małgorzata; Czujko, Tomasz; Bojar, Z.

doi:10.2478/pjct-2014-0011

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…On the other hand, poorly arranged nanoporous structures are formed by chromic acid anodizing due to pore branching. Several carboxylic acids, including oxalic ((COOH) 2 ) [35][36][37][38], malonic (HOOC-CH 2 -COOH) [39][40][41], tartalic (HOOC-(CHOH) 2 -COOH) [42][43][44], citric (HOOC-CH 2 -C(OH)(COOH)-CH 2 -COOH) [45][46][47], malic (HOOC-CH(OH)-CH 2 -COOH) [45,48], glycolic (HOOC-CH 2 OH) [45], formic (HCOOH) [49], and tartronic (HOOC-CH(OH)-COOH) [50] acid have been reported to date for the fabrication of anodic porous alumina. Oxalic and malonic acid anodizing have been reported to give rise to self-ordering behavior under suitable anodizing conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of anodic porous alumina via anodizing in cyclic oxocarbon acids

Kikuchi

Nakajima

Kawashima

et al. 2014

Applied Surface Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The growth behavior of anodic porous alumina formed by anodizing in novel electrolyte solutions, the cyclic oxocarbon acids croconic and rhodizonic acid, was investigated for the first time. High-purity aluminum specimens were anodized in 0.1 M croconic and rhodizonic acid solutions at various constant current densities. An anodic porous alumina film with a cell size of 200-450 nm grew uniformly on an aluminum substrate by rhodizonic acid anodizing at 5-40 Am -2 , and a black, burned oxide was formed at higher current density. The cell size of the porous alumina increased with current density and corresponding anodizing voltage. Anodizing in croconic acid at 293 K caused the formation of thin anodic porous alumina films as well as black, thick burned oxides. The uniformity of the porous alumina improved by increasing the temperature of the croconic acid solution, and anodic porous alumina films with a uniform film thickness were successfully obtained. Our experimental results showed that the cyclic oxocarbon acids croconic and rhodizonic acid could be employed as a suitable electrolyte for the formation of anodic porous alumina films.Key words: Aluminum; Anodizing; Anodic Porous Alumina; Croconic Acid; Rhodizonic Acid IntroductionThe anodizing of aluminum in several different acidic solutions causes the formation of anodic porous alumina (i.e., porous anodic oxide film) with characteristic nanofeatures on aluminum substrates. Porous alumina consists of nano-scale hexagonal cells perpendicular to the substrate, and each cell possesses a nanopore at its center [1,2]. These cells are self-ordered by anodizing under appropriate electrochemical conditions, especially under a high electric field [3,4]. When anodic porous alumina is immersed in boiling distilled water after anodizing, the nanopores are filled by hydroxide (pore-sealing) [5,6]. The sealing process causes the formation of a highly crystalline hydroxide layer on the surface of the anodic oxide, and the hydroxide layer is highly dissolution-resistant in acidic and alkaline solutions. Using these characteristic structural and chemical properties, anodic porous alumina has been widely investigated for many applications: antireflection structures [7,8] [50] acid have been reported to date for the fabrication of anodic porous alumina. Oxalic and malonic acid anodizing have been reported to give rise to self-ordering behavior under suitable anodizing conditions. The organic and inorganic electrolytes used to fabricate anodic porous alumina possess low dissociation constant (pKa) in aqueous solution, except for glycolic and formic acid, are diacids or triacids. However, glycolic and formic acid form dimers via hydrogen bonding in aqueous solution and may behave like diacids [52,53]. The nanofeatures of anodic porous alumina, including cell size (i.e., interpore distance) and pore diameter, are limited by these electrolytes during anodizing. Therefore, the discovery of additional electrolytes is very important in expanding the applicability of porous alum...

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of anodic porous alumina via anodizing in cyclic oxocarbon acids

Kikuchi

Nakajima

Kawashima

et al. 2014

Applied Surface Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This method can be defined as 'guided' self-organization. The resulting morphology was checked by both AFM and SEM, with additional analysis of FFT cross sections as well known in the literature [22,23].…”

Section: Volume 1 | Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to the special issue on 'Nanostructures by Valve Metal Anodization'

Salerno¹

2014

Journal of Materials Science and Nanotechnology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Additionally, the method of anodizing is very effective on the pore ordering [23]. When anodizing is done by a two-step method, the anodic oxide layer grows with highly ordered hexagonal structure [24][25][26][27]. Effective parameters which have influence on the properties of anodized layers depend on the type of electrolyte [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and characterization of nanoporous anodic alumina membrane using commercial pure aluminium to remove coliform bacteria from wastewater

Aghili

Hashemi

Bahrololoom

et al. 2019

PAC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) membranes were produced by anodizing process using commercially pure aluminium (1050 alloy). The optimization of processing parameters, such as applied potential, temperature and time in two different electrolyte solutions, has been performed to produce the ordered alumina nano-membrane. Nanoporous anodic alumina membrane (NAAM) was obtained by removing the aluminium substrate and opening the bottom of the pores. The microstructure of samples was studied and analysed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Image processing of FESEM pictures was performed with MATLAB. The results showed that at the optimum conditions of anodizing, the percentage of porosity and ordering of pores in the samples were similar to the productions of the high purity aluminium base. NAA layers that formed in sulphuric acid solution in comparison with oxalic acid had lower pore diameter (20 nm), lower inter-pore distance (45-50 nm) and higher hardness (325 HV). The optimized membranes which have been produced with the same thickness were used for separation of Coliform bacteria from the secondary clarified wastewater. The results showed that these membranes can be used as selective filters because of their desirable physical properties.

show abstract

Fabrication and geometric characterization of highly-ordered hexagonally arranged arrays of nanoporous anodic alumina

Cited by 18 publications

References 46 publications

Fabrication of anodic porous alumina via anodizing in cyclic oxocarbon acids

Fabrication of anodic porous alumina via anodizing in cyclic oxocarbon acids

Introduction to the special issue on 'Nanostructures by Valve Metal Anodization'

Fabrication and characterization of nanoporous anodic alumina membrane using commercial pure aluminium to remove coliform bacteria from wastewater

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About