Fabrication and Evaluation of Lambda-Cyhalothrin Nanosuspension by One-Step Melt Emulsification Technique

Abstract

Recent years have witnessed significant progress in nanotechnology and pesticide research in pest control and crop protection. There are more motivations to develop nanoformulations that are less harmful to environment than conventional formulations. The use of nanosuspension has been proposed as a novel formulation to process poorly soluble pesticides. In this study, the lambda-cyhalothrin nanosuspension (LCNS) was prepared in a melt emulsification method. The prepared nanosuspension had a mean particle size of 12.0 ± 0.1 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.279 ± 0.135. The smaller particle size and polydispersity confer better wettability, stability and bioavailability than conventional suspension concentrates. The excellent properties of the nanosuspension were attributed to the reduced particle size and the emulsification and dispersion of the surfactants. The LCNS eliminates the need for organic solvents and significantly reduces the amount of surfactant required. The simple production process of LCNS saves production and equipment costs. The results indicate that lambda-cyhalothrin nanosuspensions would have a broad application prospect in agricultural production systems.

Effect of Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) Values of Surfactant Mixtures on the Physicochemical Properties of Emulsifiable Concentrate Formulations of Difenoconazole

“…Pesticides are important agrochemicals that are widely used to control pests, preventing crop loss caused by major diseases and pests and increases crop yield [1,2,3]. Most pesticides need to be formulated using suitable formulations.…”

Kinetics of Drug Release via Nicardipine Hydrochloride‐loaded Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Poly(D,L‐lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) Nanocarriers Using a Contemporary Emulsion Process

“…The PDI of nanocarriers with various PLGA amounts showed a narrow size distribution of approximately 0.172 to 0.212, with an observed PDI value of less than 0.300. [34] These results indicate that the nanocarriers in each group had similar properties. SEM results showed that the nanocarriers were spherical with a relatively uniform size, which corresponds to the PDI, as presented in Figure 2.…”

“…Table 5 summarizes the effect of PVA concentration on the nanocarriers. An increase in PVA concentration increased the nanocarrier size and the observed PDI value of less than 0.300 [34] because increasing the concentration expanded entanglement of the polymer chains. Drug loading and %yield was not influenced by PVA concentration.…”

“…[29] An increase in citric acid concentration enhanced the particle size and drug entrapment. The synthesized nanocarriers exhibited a PDI value of less than 0.300 [34] and a yield of more than 60%, as summarized in Table 4. With the addition of citric acid, the negative charge of citric acid might push away the negative charge of the PLGA chain, leading to an increase in the size of the particles.…”

Dual-Functionalized Pesticide Nanocapsule Delivery System with Improved Spreading Behavior and Enhanced Bioactivity

“…In recent years, surfactants have commonly been mixed to further improve their performance by taking advantage of their synergistic effects [48]. Correct surfactant content plays an important role in stabilizing nanoparticles [49,50]. In the current study we mixed the two selected surfactants that demonstrated good emulsification effects and tested their performance in different ratios (PVA: PC = 1:1, 1:2, 2:1, 1:3, and 3:1).…”