Fabrication and compressive strength of porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds with a functionally graded core/shell structure

Abstract:The unidirectional porous hydroxyapatite HAp (UDPHAp) is a scaffold with continuous communicated pore structure in the axial direction. We evaluated and compared the ability of the UDPHAp as a three-dimensional (3D) bone tissue engineering scaffold to the interconnected calcium porous HAp ceramic (IP-CHA). To achieve this, we evaluated in vitro the compressive strength, controlled rhBMP-2 release behavior, adherent cell morphology, cell adhesion manner, and cell attachment of UDPHAp. As a further in vivo experiment, UDPHAp and IP-CHA with rhBMP-2 were transplanted into mouse calvarial defects to evaluate their bone-forming ability. The Results demonstrated that the maximum compressive strengths of the UDPHAp was 7.89 ± 1.23 MPa and higher than that of IP-CHA (1.92 ± 0.53 MPa) (p = 0.0039). However, the breaking energies were similar (8.99 ± 2.72 vs. 13.95 ± 5.69 mJ, p = 0.055). The UDPHAp released rhBMP-2 more gradually in vivo. Cells on the UDPHAp adhered tightly to the surface, which had grown deeply into the scaffolds. A significant increase in cell number on the UDPHAp was observed compared to the IP-CHA on day 8 (102,479 ± 34,391 vs. 32,372 ± 29,061 estimated cells per scaffold, p = 0.0495). In a mouse calvarial defect model, the percentages of new bone area (mature bone + trabecular bone) in the 2x field were 2.514% ± 1.224% for the IP-CHA group and 7.045% ± 2.055% for the UDPHAp group, and the percentage was significantly higher in the UDPHAp group (p = 0.0209). While maintaining the same strength as the IP-CHA, the UDPHAp with 84% porosity showed a high cell number, high cell invasiveness, and excellent bone formation. We believe the UDPHAp is an excellent material that can be applied to bone regenerative medicine.

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“…In addition, the ability to hold and gradually release growth factors plays an important role [2,23,24,25]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-Chemical, In Vitro, and In Vivo Evaluation of a 3D Unidirectional Porous Hydroxyapatite Scaffold for Bone Regeneration

et al. 2017

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“…[46, 47, 48, 49, 61, 63, 65, 78, 79–81] The major features of the data on bioactive ceramics will only be discussed briefly. First, the compressive strengths of the bioactive ceramic scaffolds are in the range 0.01–145 MPa for porosity values of 31–96% (Figure 5a), which indicate that these scaffolds could be applied in loaded or non-loaded bone repair.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Strong and Tough Glass and Ceramic Scaffolds for Bone Repair

Saiz

Rahaman

et al. 2013

Adv Funct Materials

201

142

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The need for implants to repair large bone defects is driving the development of porous synthetic scaffolds with the requisite mechanical strength and toughness in vivo. Recent developments in the use of design principles and novel fabrication technologies are paving the way to create synthetic scaffolds with promising potential for reconstituting bone in load-bearing sites. This article reviews the state of the art in the design and fabrication of bioactive glass and ceramic scaffolds that have improved mechanical properties for structural bone repair. Scaffolds with anisotropic and periodic structures can be prepared with compressive strengths comparable to human cortical bone (100–150 MPa), while scaffolds with an isotropic structure typically have strengths in the range of trabecular bone (2–12 MPa). However, the mechanical response of bioactive glass and ceramic scaffolds in multiple loading modes such as flexure and torsion — as well as their mechanical reliability, fracture toughness, and fatigue resistance — has received little attention. Inspired by the designs of natural materials such as cortical bone and nacre, glass-ceramic and inorganic/polymer composite scaffolds created with extrinsic toughening mechanisms are showing potential for both high strength and mechanical reliability. Future research should include improved designs that provide strong scaffolds with microstructures conducive to bone ingrowth, and evaluation of these scaffolds in large animal models for eventual translation into clinical applications.

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“…Рерих и др. Сравнительный анализ остеоинтеграции алюмооксидных биокерамических гранул в эксперименте на основе кораллового гидроксиапа-тита с прочностью на сжатие 12 MРa [58], размерами 0,5 -1 мм, со средним диаметром пор 400 μm, сообщающи-еся между собой посредством каналов и отверстий. Пластический материал имплантировали в тела поясничных позвонков и в дистальный отдел пра-вой бедренной кости каждого лабора-торного животного.…”

Section: материал и методыunclassified

“…Прочность на сжатие биокерами-ческих пористых алюмооксидных гра-нул, исследуемых в настоящей работе, достигает 300 МПа, в то время как ана-логичный параметр гидроксиапатито-вых гранул с улучшенными прочност-ными свойствами составляет 12 МПа [58].…”

unclassified

Сравнительный Анализ Остеоинтеграции Алюмооксидных Биокерамических Гранул В Эксперименте

Рерих¹,

Аветисян²,

Зайдман³

et al. 2014

Хирургия позвоночника 2-2014

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Objective. To perform comparative analysis of osseointegration of bioceramic alumina-based granules, hydroxyapatitebased granules, and granules of deproteinized bone tissue. Material and Methods. The experiment was conducted on 52 adult male Kyoto-Wistar laboratory rats weighing 350 to 520 g. Animals were divided into five matched groups, which differed only in the type of implanted material. Granules were implanted in lumbar vertebral bodies and in distal right femur of each laboratory animal. Two months after surgery animals were euthanized with subsequent tissue sampling for morphological studies. Results. Examination of specimens from groups with implantation of alumina granules revealed the formed trabecular bone with evidence for remodeling. Bone tissue filled the space between granules fitting closely to their surfaces. There was no connective tissue capsule on the border between the bone tissue and alumina granules. Conclusion. Bioceramic alumina-based granules in the form of cylinders with a through inner channel have high strength surpassing that of analogs and ability for osseointegration close to that of hydroxyapatite and deproteinized bone granules.

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Fabrication and compressive strength of porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds with a functionally graded core/shell structure

Cited by 61 publications

References 19 publications

Physico-Chemical, In Vitro, and In Vivo Evaluation of a 3D Unidirectional Porous Hydroxyapatite Scaffold for Bone Regeneration

Physico-Chemical, In Vitro, and In Vivo Evaluation of a 3D Unidirectional Porous Hydroxyapatite Scaffold for Bone Regeneration

Toward Strong and Tough Glass and Ceramic Scaffolds for Bone Repair

Сравнительный Анализ Остеоинтеграции Алюмооксидных Биокерамических Гранул В Эксперименте

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