Fabrication and characterizations of hybrid materials based on polyaniline, metal oxide, and graphene nano-platelets for supercapacitor electrodes

Polyaniline/manganese nickel oxide/graphene composites as electrode materials for supercapacitors

“…In comparison to other composite electrode materials, PANI@(MnO 2 + NiO)@GO demonstrates superior performance. For instance, it outperform cross‐linked polymer‐based porous carbonaceous materials (19.5 W h kg −1 and 400 W kg −1 ), 42 PANI/MnO 2 /nitrogen and co‐doped phosphorus carbon nanofibers composites (23.3 W h kg −1 and 174.9 W kg −1 ), 40 PANI/MnO 2 composites with polyaniline hydrogel as a substrate (23.2 W h kg −1 and 720 W kg −1 ), 36 PANI, MnO 2 and graphene nanosheet nanocomposites (5.63 W h kg −1 and 1417.34 W kg −1 ), 5 and PANI and carbon nanocomposite hydrogels (PCR) (31.32 W h kg −1 and 364.93 W kg −1 ), 43 as depicted in Figure 8c. Figure 8d shows the specific capacitance that remains at 74.2% at a high current density of 10 A g −1 .…”

“…Supercapacitors can be classified by electrode materials such as carbon, metal oxide, or new conductive polymer. Moreover, supercapacitors can be categorized according to the type of electrolyte material utilized, including aqueous solution supercapacitors and organic solution supercapacitors 5 …”

“…Moreover, supercapacitors can be categorized according to the type of electrolyte material utilized, including aqueous solution supercapacitors and organic solution supercapacitors. 5 The electrode material plays a critical role in determining the performance of supercapacitors, making it the most significant component, a growing interest has developed in recent years to study nanocomposites. 6 Extensive research has been conducted on various materials for electrode fabrication, encompassing carbon materials such graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes, metal oxides like manganese dioxide and nickel oxide, metal sulfides, metal hydroxides, conductive polymers including polyaniline, polypyrrole, and polythiophene.…”

Challenges and Opportunities: Conducting Polymer‐Graphene based Nanocomposites of Metal Oxides and Metal Sulfides for Supercapacitors

“…Overall, the study not only presents a well-controlled synthesis but also offers valuable insights into the relationship between synthesis methods, morphology, and electrochemical performance of nanocomposite materials. [89] The potential of conductive PmAP (poly-m-aminophenol) as a versatile binder was explored, aiming to take on traditional supercapacitor binders like PVDF (poly-vinylene difluoride). Hydrothermally grown V 2 O 5 was blended with amino-functionalized graphene (amino-FG) and PmAP to form a ternary nanocomposite film.…”

“…The observed trends in specific capacitance at different scan rates and current densities reflect the complex interplay between MnO 2 nanowires, polyaniline, and graphene nanoplatelets. Overall, the study not only presents a well‐controlled synthesis but also offers valuable insights into the relationship between synthesis methods, morphology, and electrochemical performance of nanocomposite materials [89] …”