Fabrication and characterization of poly(octanediol citrate)/gallium-containing bioglass microcomposite scaffolds

Abstract

Bone can be affected by osteosarcomae requiring surgical excision of the tumor as part of the treatment regime. Complete removal of cancerous cells is difficult and conventionally requires the removal of a margin of safety around the tumor to offer improved patient prognosis. This work considers a novel series of composite scaffolds based on poly(octanediol citrate) (POC) impregnated with galliumbased bioglass microparticles for possible incorporation into bone following tumor removal. The objective of this research was to fabricate and characterize these scaffolds and subsequently report on their mechanical and biological properties. The porous microcomposite scaffolds with various concentrations of bioglass (10, 20, 30 wt%) incorporated were fabricated using a salt leaching technique. The scaffolds exhibited compression modulus in the range of 0.3-7 MPa. The addition of bioglass increased the mechanical properties even though porosity increased. Furthermore, increasing the concentration of bioglass had a significant influence on glass transition temperature from 2.5°C for the pure polymer to around 25°C for 30 % bioglass-containing composite. The ion release study revealed that composites containing 10 % bioglass had the highest ion release ratio after 28 days of soaking in phosphate buffered saline. The interaction of bioglass phase with POC led to the formation of additional ionic crosslinks aside from covalent crosslinks which further resulted in increased stiffness and decreased weight loss. The osteoblast cells were well attached and growth on composites and collagen synthesis increased particularly with the 10 % bioglass concentration.

The impact of gallium content on degradation, bioactivity, and antibacterial potency of zinc borate bioactive glass

“…The decline in the degradation of the glasses by the addition of gallium, observed in both ion release and weight loss results, is because of the changes in the glass network structure as gallium is added to the glass composition at the expense of boron. Similar trends have been previously reported suggesting that the addition of gallium contributes to lower degradability of the glass …”

“…Similar trends have been previously reported suggesting that the addition of gallium contributes to lower degradability of the glass. [34][35][36] The structural analysis of the glasses showed a rise in the ratio of BO 3 to BO 4 units as gallium percentage in the glasses increased. 31 These new BO 3 units could either be symmetric (with three bridging oxygens or three nonbridging oxygens) or asymmetric (with one or two bridging oxygens).…”

Hemocompatibility evaluation of poly(1,8‐octanediol citrate) blend polyethersulfone membranes

“…Membrane hydrophilicity affects the biocompatibility of the membrane where the hydrophilic membrane would reduce the amount of the protein absorption hence improves the membrane biocompatibility. Despite its hydrophilic properties, POC imparted insignificant improvement toward the membrane hydrophilicity, since previous studies had found that the POC contact‐angle was at 60–65° which was similar to membrane contact angle results. On the other hand, the addition of PVP as a pore forming agent was the main reason for improvement in hydrophilicity.…”

Polycaprolactone Triol–Citrate Scaffolds Enriched with Human Platelet Releasates Promote Chondrogenic Phenotype and Cartilage Extracellular Matrix Formation

“…Apart from their elastic mechanical properties for engineering of soft tissues, CA-based polyester materials could be formed into hard composites for orthopedic implants [27]. The solid material phase can be introduced in various filler forms such as ''bioglasses'' or nanoparticles [28,29]. This opportunity was explored previously for production of multi-functional scaffolds that promote chondrocyte proliferation while at the same time deplete the bacteria in their environment by controlled release of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles from biodegradable polymer matrix [28].…”