Fabrication and characterization of pedestal optical waveguides using TeO2–WO3–Bi2O3 thin film as core layer

A review on pedestal waveguides for low loss optical guiding, optical amplifiers and nonlinear optics applications

“…Waveguides with losses as low as half of those obtained for rib waveguides fabricated under the same conditions have been demonstrated this way [32]. Mach-Zehnder interferometer structures using TeO 2 −WO 3 −Bi 2 O 3 core fabricated with pedestal waveguide technology, exhibited low propagation losses at 633 and 1050 nm and demonstrated possible applications as integrated optical sensors [34]. Also, fabrication of Yb 3+ /Er 3+ codoped TeO 2 −WO 3 −Bi 2 O 3 pedestal waveguides showed applications as optical amplifiers at 1530 nm [35] and advances on the fabrication process of Yb 3+ /Er 3+ codoped GeO 2 -PbO pedestal waveguides reported the possibility to enhance the gain at about 50%, at 1530 nm [1].…”

“…The first step of the pedestal waveguides fabrication process using silicon technology is the thermal growth on a silicon substrate of a relatively thick silicon dioxide film (1-2 μm-thick) with refractive index of 1.46 [1,24,[34][35][36]. It is worth mentioning that there is no restriction with respect to the use of other material platforms than silicon since the same concept can be applied to other materials.…”

“…Different materials such as silicon oxide, aluminum nitride, tellurite and germanate glasses have been used as core in previous works [1,24,[34][35][36]44,45]. Since the material does not need to be etched in the pedestal waveguide fabrication, many different materials could be used as core, as long as the refractive index is higher than that of the pedestal.…”

Rancang Bangun Sensor Kelembaban Udara menggunakan Plastic Optical Fiber (POF) dengan Cladding TiO2-SiO2 dan Data Transmisi

“…Penggunaan POF sebagai pandu gelombang juga mempunyai keunggulan dalam proses fabrikasi relatif mudah dan dapat digunakan pada suhu rendah, sifat bias rangkap rendah, dan kekuatan mekaniknya bagus [7,8]. Biaya produksi pun menjadi lebih murah dan mudah di temukan, selain itu bahan yang digunakan sebagai pengganti cladding pun mudah didapat dan murah.…”

Study of gamma radiation shielding efficiency by 0.5TeO2-(0.5-x)Bi2O3-xWO3 glasses

“…In turn, one of the alternative methods of protecting against the negative effects of ionizing radiation is telluride glasses, which contain oxides of rareearth elements [6][7][8][9][10]. This type of glass has high performance of shielding and attenuation of ionizing radiation, especially gamma-quantum and neutron radiation, which have a high penetrating ability.…”