Fabrication and characterization of double-sided organic light-emitting diodes using silver and nickel as the metal linking layer

Wang, Xiao; Zheng, Yi; Yang, Lin; Zhang, Hao; Wei, Bin; Zhang, Jianhua

doi:10.1016/j.displa.2016.07.001

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Thus, the optimum thickness of the silver interlayer was 14 nm because: 1) it allowed turn on voltages for both subunits below 6 V in any device (due its higher electrical conductivity with respect to the film with thickness of 10 nm) and 2) it allows a good transmittance of the blue emission produced in the top subunit. This increase of electrical conductivity and diminution of transmittance (increase of reflection of light in the visible range) as the thickness of the silver film increases has been also observed by Wang et al Furthermore, the blue light generated by TBADN could be partially absorbed by the layer of TFB:MEH‐PPV because that blue emission is overlapped with the absorption spectrum of MEH‐PPV, see inset in Figure b. The contribution of the blue light from the top subunit is poor but it is high enough to contribute in some way to the overall emission and to have warm, cool or pure white light as explained in Section 3.2.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Tuning Color Temperature of White OLEDs in Parallel Tandems

Oliva

Papadimitratos

Rosa

et al. 2017

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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Color-temperature tunable white organic light emitting diodes (WOLEDs) in parallel tandem configuration were fabricated by using TFB:MEH-PPV (yellow emitter) in the bottom subunit and TBADN (blue emitter) in the top subunit. In this parallel tandem architecture, a thin film of silver was an active common anode, which permitted to inject holes into top and bottom subunits simultaneously. This common injection electrode also allowed to tune the color temperature (CCT) and CIE coordinates of white light emission from cool (CIE: 0.33, 0.25; CCT ¼ 5218 K) to warm (CIE: 0.38, 0.39; CCT ¼ 3926 K) by controlling the brightness of the yellow light and blue light emitted in the bottom and top subunits respectively. The performance of the parallel tandem was compared with that of in-series tandems and additional advantages of the parallel architecture such as tunable chromaticity, lower turn on voltage (4 V compared to 7 V in the in-series tandem) and higher brightness ($15%) were found. The closest CIE coordinate obtained for white light was (0.35, 0.35), which is near to the ideal coordinate of (0.33, 0.33) for pure white light. Thus, the results indicate that these white OLEDs in parallel configuration can be potentially useful for displays and lighting applications.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Tuning Color Temperature of White OLEDs in Parallel Tandems

Oliva

Papadimitratos

Rosa

et al. 2017

Physica Status Solidi (a)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the next 10 years, spent LED lamps will surely account for a large part of solid wastes. Then, arsenic, rare (such as gallium, indium) [71], heavy (e.g., nickel, lead) and precious (such as silver) [72] metals must be recycled to keep sustainable development and gain benefits, so now is the time for our government to consider the future management of LED lamp recycling.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury Pollution, Treatment and Solutions in Spent Fluorescent Lamps in Mainland China

Jia

Zhao

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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With the increasing awareness of energy conservation and environmental protection, high energy-consuming incandescent lamps have been largely withdrawn from the stage of mainland China’s lighting industry because the main raw material for electricity production-coal-produces mercury pollution when burned and energy-saving fluorescent lamps have made considerable progress. However, fluorescent lamps emit mercury, which still causes environmental pollution. In this work, the existing problems in the development of fluorescent lamps, and in the collection and treatment of spent fluorescent lamps were analyzed. The contributions of various external factors to the above problems were evaluated based on fuzzy theory. Finally, solutions to control the pollution of mercury from fluorescent lamps and spent fluorescent lamps were proposed. Results show that the biggest problem that causes mercury pollution is the first among three factors: energy conservation and mercury emission from fluorescent lamps and spent fluorescent lamps, spent fluorescent lamp collection and spent fluorescent lamp treatment. The best way to solve these problems is by developing an energy-saving and environment-friendly light emitting diode (LED) industry in mainland China.

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“…In fact, like other lamps, LED lamps contain metals [53,54], even some heavy metals (e.g., nickel, lead) [55]. Heavy metal pollution still occurs when LEDs are discarded.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development Path of the Lighting Industry in Mainland China: Execution of Energy Conservation and Management on Mercury Emission

Jia

Zhao

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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The development path of the lighting industry in mainland China was studied in this work. Lighting electricity accounts for about 12% of social electricity consumption in mainland China, while only approximately 15% of electricity is conversed into light when incandescent light bulbs are used. To reduce electrical energy consumption and mercury emission from coal burning in the lighting industry, China worked out a roadmap to replace incandescent light bulbs with energy-saving fluorescent lamps (FLs). However, FL products utilize mercury to give out light and release mercury in their production, consumption and disposal processes. Therefore, the challenges of the lighting industry that mainland China are facing are controlling mercury pollution through the environmentally-friendly producing of fluorescent lamps, effective collecting and treating of spent fluorescent lamps. It was proposed that to effectively reduce energy consumption and mercury pollution, a good way to do this is developing energy-saving and mercury-free light emitting diode lighting industry. The mainland China Government’s strategies to develop lighting industry are worthy of consideration and emulation by other countries.

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Fabrication and characterization of double-sided organic light-emitting diodes using silver and nickel as the metal linking layer

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Tuning Color Temperature of White OLEDs in Parallel Tandems

Tuning Color Temperature of White OLEDs in Parallel Tandems

Mercury Pollution, Treatment and Solutions in Spent Fluorescent Lamps in Mainland China

The Development Path of the Lighting Industry in Mainland China: Execution of Energy Conservation and Management on Mercury Emission

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