Fabrication and characterization of arc melted Si/B co-doped boron carbide

Yang, Qirong; Hwang, Chawon; Marvel, Christopher J.; Chauhan, Ankur; Domnich, Vladislav; Khan, Atta Ullah; LaSalvia, Jerry C.; Harmer, Martin P.; Hemker, Kevin J.; Haber, Richard A.

doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2019.08.024

Cited by 17 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Yang et al [35] uses a similar amorphization-quantification method that accounts for size differences between indents in samples of differing compositions. Although amorphization is seen in the indented region of a sample, because samples with varying composition have different hardness values, these indented areas will differ.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Amorphization Mitigation in Boron-Rich Boron Carbides Quantified by Raman Spectroscopy

Schaefer

Haber

2020

Ceramics

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Boron carbide is an extremely hard and lightweight material used in armor systems. Upon impact above the Hugoniot elastic limit (HEL), boron carbide loses strength and suddenly fails. Atomistic models suggest that boron-rich boron carbides could mitigate amorphization. Such samples were processed, and indentation-induced amorphous zones were created throughout the boron-rich samples of varying degrees and were mapped with Raman spectroscopy to assess changes in the amorphization intensity. Boron-rich samples with a B/C ratio of 6.3 showed a large reduction in amorphization intensity compared to commonly used stoichiometric B4 C, in agreement with recent TEM results. Additionally, hardness trends were also noted as boron content is varied. This offers another pathway in which doping boron carbide can reduce amorphization.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Raman spectra quantification is the summation of each spectrum's contribution from an indent-map. A spectrum is quantified as the peak area of the 1800 cm −1 amorphous peak, normalized to the crystalline contributions from 900-1100 cm −1 range, similar to other work done on evaluating silicon-doped boron carbides [35,36].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amorphization Mitigation in Boron-Rich Boron Carbides Quantified by Raman Spectroscopy

Schaefer

Haber

2020

Ceramics

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“…These methods include pressureless sintering, reaction bonding, high-energy ball milling, arc melting, nanorod growth, and pressure-assisted sintering. (23) The different methods entail boron carbides with different characteristics, such as different degrees of densification and doping as well as the presence of a secondary or residual phase. Preferred methods should minimize the formation of undesirable secondary or residual phase while ensuring full densification, high content of doping elements, and scalability.…”

Section: Experimental Preparation Of Monolithic Doped Boron Carbides Available Methods To Dope Boron Carbide With Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3B). (21)(22)(23)(24)(25) This stress-induced deformation mechanism has been described as an inhomogeneous loss of crystalline order in localized zones scattered within a crystalline volume, forming nanoscale bands with large aspect ratios (i.e. nanoscale shear bands).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(27,28) On the other hand, atomic doping has demonstrated to be a viable method to suppress amorphization. (23,(29)(30)(31) Therefore, a solution comprised of microstructural reinforcement and atomic doping could address both failure mechanisms of boron carbide simultaneously. This paper summarizes 9 years of work in the field of boron carbides and discusses a multiscale design and processing strategy that encompasses atomic-level doping and microstructurallevel reinforcement to address the two major failure modes of boron carbide chosen by the authors: Amorphization and transgranular fracture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Addressing amorphization and transgranular fracture of B₄C through Si doping and TiB₂ microparticle reinforcing

Hwang

Yang

et al. 2021

J Am Ceram Soc

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Over the last two decades, many studies have contributed to improving our understanding of the brittle failure mechanisms of boron carbide and provided a road map for inhibiting the underlying mechanisms and improving the mechanical response of boron carbide. This paper provides a review of the design and processing approaches utilized to address the amorphization and transgranular fracture of boron carbide, which are mainly based on what we have found through 9 years of work in the field of boron carbides as armor ceramics.

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Nanoporous B₁₃C₂ towards Highly Efficient Electrochemical Nitrogen Fixation

Lan

Luo

Han

et al. 2021

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The electrochemical nitrogen fixation under mild conditions is a promising alternative to the current nitrogen industry with high energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission. Here, a nanoporous boron carbide (np‐B13C2) catalyst is reported for electrochemical nitrogen fixation, which is fabricated by the combination of metallurgical alloy design and chemical etching. The resulting np‐B13C2 exhibits versatile catalytic activities towards N2 reduction reactions (NRR) and N2 oxidation reaction (NOR). A high NH3 yield of 91.28 µg h−1 mgcat.−1 and Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 35.53% at −0.05 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode are obtained for NRR, as well as long‐term stability of up to 70 h, making them among the most active NRR electrocatalysts. This catalyst can also achieve a NO3− yield of 165.8 µg h−1 mgcat.−1 and a FE of 8.4% for NOR. In situ Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations reveal that strong coupling between the BC sites modulates the electronic structures of adjacent B atoms of B13C2, which enables the B sites to effectively adsorb and activate chemical inert N2 molecules, resulting in lowered energy required by the potential‐determining step. Besides, the introduction of carbon can increase the inherent conductivity and reduce the binding energy of the reactants, thus improving N2 fixation performance.

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Fabrication and characterization of arc melted Si/B co-doped boron carbide

Cited by 17 publications

References 53 publications

Amorphization Mitigation in Boron-Rich Boron Carbides Quantified by Raman Spectroscopy

Amorphization Mitigation in Boron-Rich Boron Carbides Quantified by Raman Spectroscopy

Addressing amorphization and transgranular fracture of B₄C through Si doping and TiB₂ microparticle reinforcing

Nanoporous B₁₃C₂ towards Highly Efficient Electrochemical Nitrogen Fixation

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Fabrication and characterization of arc melted Si/B co-doped boron carbide

Cited by 17 publications

References 53 publications

Amorphization Mitigation in Boron-Rich Boron Carbides Quantified by Raman Spectroscopy

Amorphization Mitigation in Boron-Rich Boron Carbides Quantified by Raman Spectroscopy

Addressing amorphization and transgranular fracture of B4C through Si doping and TiB2 microparticle reinforcing

Nanoporous B13C2 towards Highly Efficient Electrochemical Nitrogen Fixation

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Addressing amorphization and transgranular fracture of B₄C through Si doping and TiB₂ microparticle reinforcing

Nanoporous B₁₃C₂ towards Highly Efficient Electrochemical Nitrogen Fixation