Fabrication and characterization of an electro-optic polymer waveguide modulator for photonic applications

Lee, M.H.; Lee, H.J.; Han, Sunkyu; Kim, H.-Y.; Kim, K.H.; Won, Yong Hyub; Kang, Su-Jin

doi:10.1016/s0040-6090(97)00016-3

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…하고 제작이 용이한 장점이 있지만 물질 자체가 갖는 전광 , 효과가 매우 낮기 때문에 [4] 추가의 구조를 동반한 플라즈마 전하 운반자 효과(plasma charge carrier effect) [5] 나 열광학 효 과 [6] 등을 이용한 경우가 대부분이다 반면에 전광 고분자 물 . 질은 LiNbO3보다 더 큰 전광효과를 갖고 있는 것도 있을 뿐 아니라 무엇보다 제작이 용이하고 가격을 낮출 수 있으며 , 물질의 특성을 개선할 수 있는 장점이 있어 재료 개발의 측 면에서도 현재 많은 발전을 거듭하고 있다 [7][8][9] 그럼에도 불 . 구하고 전광 고분자 물질을 사용한 광변조기들 역시 충분한 만큼의 위상변화를 위해 수 에서 수 의 긴 소자길 ( ) m m c m π 이를 갖는 것이 대부분이며 [10,11] …”

Section: 서 론 광 스위칭이나 변조 소자는 집적광학에 사용되는 능동소자 의 대표적인 것으로서 이들의 구현을 위해unclassified

Design of Novel Hybrid Optical Modulator Incorporating Electro-Optic Polymer Waveguide into Silicon Photonic Crystal

Sung¹,

Lee²,

Choi³

et al. 2008

Hankook Kwanghak Hoeji

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The design and analysis of a novel photonic crystal electro-optic modulator are presented in this paper. The device incorporates an electro-optic (EO) polymer slot waveguide into the center of a silicon photonic crystal waveguide. In this device, strong optical confinement in the EO polymer core and small group velocity from the photonic crystal structure provide a surprise enhancement of the EO effect.

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Section: 서 론 광 스위칭이나 변조 소자는 집적광학에 사용되는 능동소자 의 대표적인 것으로서 이들의 구현을 위해unclassified

Design of Novel Hybrid Optical Modulator Incorporating Electro-Optic Polymer Waveguide into Silicon Photonic Crystal

Sung¹,

Lee²,

Choi³

et al. 2008

Hankook Kwanghak Hoeji

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show abstract

“…The electro-optic polymer modulators were given lots of interest because of its low dispersion in the index of refraction between infrared and millimeter wave frequencies, low cost, large electro-optical (EO) coefficients, easily processing and compatibility with semiconductor materials, and so on (Chen and Fetterman 1997; Lee et al 1997;Steier et al 1997;de Ridder et al 1999). So far, great progress in the researches of polymer modulators has been made.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-loss Electro-optic Waveguide Polymer Modulator and its Optimization Design

Liu¹,

Zhu²

2005

Opt Quant Electron

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Generally, the core is made up of EO materials in electro-optic waveguide polymer modulators and thus lightwave carrier is modulated in the core. In this case, the loss from chromophores is often large because the most of light power are confined to cores. In order to reduce the optical loss, we presented an approach that the lightwave was modulated only in claddings; that is to say, the EO polymer is only used in claddings and the core material is low-loss passive. Results indicate the propagation loss of this kind of modulator is about 1/3 of the former. Although the modal overlap integral between the microwave and the lightwave weakened under this condition, it could be improved by optimizing the dimension of waveguide. Due to the lower propagation loss, the interaction length of the modulator may be lengthened. Thus, the half-wave voltage can be decreased further. Also, some considerations on optimization design of this modulator are discussed. Especially, the effect of conductor loss and velocity mismatching should be taken into account in order to achieve the theoretical optimal half-wave voltage and the device bandwidth.

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“…In the past decade, a large number of optical polymers have been developed for integrated optic (IO) devices (Lee et al 1997;Larry 2000). Polymer waveguide devices have attracted great interest in electro-optic (E-O) applications and biosensor system (Lee et al 1997;Larry 2000;Stefan 2002) due to their potential advantages over other materials (Stefan 2002;Herminghaus et al 1991;Wu 1991) such as their good process ability and low cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polymer waveguide devices have attracted great interest in electro-optic (E-O) applications and biosensor system (Lee et al 1997;Larry 2000;Stefan 2002) due to their potential advantages over other materials (Stefan 2002;Herminghaus et al 1991;Wu 1991) such as their good process ability and low cost. The polymer films possess high E-O effects induced by electric field poling processes (Herminghaus et al 1991;Wu 1991;Rezig and Vitrant 1999;Donval et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations of the E-O behavior in the poled polymer waveguide

Hwang

2004

Opt Quant Electron

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The electro-optic (E-O) properties of the slab polymer waveguide induced by electric poling have been studied experimentally. The thin film waveguide was prepared by a synthesized polymer polypelargonamide and poled by applying voltage between the electrodes. I-V curves and E-O characteristics of the polymer films were in-situ measured during poling. In order to evaluate the molecular dipole orientation under the poling field, the absorption spectra of this film was observed by FTIR. The E-O performance of the polymer slab film was also estimated by the Mach-Zehnder interferometer.

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Fabrication and characterization of an electro-optic polymer waveguide modulator for photonic applications

Cited by 21 publications

References 12 publications

Design of Novel Hybrid Optical Modulator Incorporating Electro-Optic Polymer Waveguide into Silicon Photonic Crystal

Design of Novel Hybrid Optical Modulator Incorporating Electro-Optic Polymer Waveguide into Silicon Photonic Crystal

A Low-loss Electro-optic Waveguide Polymer Modulator and its Optimization Design

Investigations of the E-O behavior in the poled polymer waveguide

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