Fabrication and biomedical potential of nanogels: An overview

Kaur, Maninderjeet; Sudhakar, Kalvatala; Mishra, Vijay

doi:10.1080/00914037.2018.1445629

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Beyond the swelling behavior, which can be classified as a 'superior' property of the NGs, the main features to be considered in the synthesis of these nanomaterials are: high biocompatibility, biodegradability, colloidal stability, high surface area, high loading capacity ensuring a sustained and targeted drug delivery, and active/passive drug release thanks to the particle size and the surface properties [11]. In addition, other features that can be tuned by carefully controlling the NG synthetic routes include:…”

Section: Fundamental Criteria In Ng Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nanogels (NGs) can be defined as submicron-sized hydrogels, formed by physically or chemically crosslinked polymeric chains which give rise to a three-dimensional (3D) tunable porous network with a high capacity to absorb water, without actually dissolving into an aqueous medium [7]. Typically, they are characterized by spherical shape, but other configurations can occur depending on the fabrication methods: for example, micromolding techniques and photolithography allow nanogel size and shape to be controlled by modulating the surface energy and the chemical interactions among the polymers [8][9][10][11]. Moreover, NGs can be designed to have a crosslinked core-shell, a core-shell-corona or a bulk (similar to a 'ball of wool') structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of Nanogels: Current Trends and Future Outlook

Mauri

Giannitelli

Trombetta

et al. 2021

Gels

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Nanogels represent an innovative platform for tunable drug release and targeted therapy in several biomedical applications, ranging from cancer to neurological disorders. The design of these nanocarriers is a pivotal topic investigated by the researchers over the years, with the aim to optimize the procedures and provide advanced nanomaterials. Chemical reactions, physical interactions and the developments of engineered devices are the three main areas explored to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional nanofabrication approaches. This review proposes a focus on the current techniques used in nanogel design, highlighting the upgrades in physico-chemical methodologies, microfluidics and 3D printing. Polymers and biomolecules can be combined to produce ad hoc nanonetworks according to the final curative aims, preserving the criteria of biocompatibility and biodegradability. Controlled polymerization, interfacial reactions, sol-gel transition, manipulation of the fluids at the nanoscale, lab-on-a-chip technology and 3D printing are the leading strategies to lean on in the next future and offer new solutions to the critical healthcare scenarios.

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Section: Fundamental Criteria In Ng Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Nanogels: Current Trends and Future Outlook

Mauri

Giannitelli

Trombetta

et al. 2021

Gels

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“…Compared with other gels, nanogels are easily swallowed by cells and can penetrate various protective barriers, such as the blood–brain barrier. Nanogels are composed of cross-linked polymers with biodegradability and biocompatibility, which serve as the promising drug delivery nanocarrier . Nanogels that can be broken and decomposed are more favorable for drug release.…”

Section: Organic Nanocarriers and The Bioapplications In Cancer Immun...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nanogels are composed of cross-linked polymers with biodegradability and biocompatibility, which serve as the promising drug delivery nanocarrier. 69 Nanogels that can be broken and decomposed are more favorable for drug release. On the basis of this, Zhang et al 70 used hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin acrylate and two chitosan derivatives with different charges to synthesize pH-responsive nanogels for delivery of paclitaxel and interleukin-2 (IL-2).…”

Section: Organic Nanocarriers and The Bioapplications In Cancer Immun...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing and Engineering of Nanocarriers for Bioapplication in Cancer Immunotherapy

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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Cancer immunotherapy aims to reinitiate the autoimmune responses for fighting cancer cells. Immunomodulators, such as immune vaccines, adjuvants, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, have been extensively developed to activate the immune response against cancer. However, it is disadvantageous to directly apply immunomodulators in cancer immunotherapy for the following reasons: (I) instability of immunomodulators; (II) immunomodulators easily cleared; (III) uncontrolled immune response. Many efforts have been made to overcome these drawbacks, among which loading immunomodulators by nanocarriers is a simple and effective method. Nanocarriers can not only protect immunomodulators from degradation but also control their release and extend their blood circulation time. Some nanocarriers can specifically enrich in immune cells or organs to regulate their connection to further modulate the immune system. Besides, response-type nanocarriers can also be designed as required to control the release of immunomodulators to reduce immune-related adverse events. Of note, nanocarriers with excellent photothermal or photodynamic properties play the crucial role in inducing immunogenic cell death for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. In this review, various nanocarriers and their bioapplications in cancer immunotherapy have been summarized. We outlined the inorganic, organic, and organic–inorganic hybrid nanocarriers and the designing of effective nanocarrier-based immune interventions. The prospects and drawbacks of nanocarriers were also further reviewed in this work. This review will provide vital guidance for the design and synthesis of nanocarriers for application in cancer immunotherapy.

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“…The major challenge for developing NP as a DDS is controlling the particle size, surface properties, and time-release of the active moiety to get the site-specific action at the desired proportion and dose. Polymeric NPs offer distinct advantages over other nanocarriers; they increase the drugs/protein stability and show beneficial controlled release properties [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation Development and Evaluation of Pravastatin-Loaded Nanogel for Hyperlipidemia Management

Saraogi

Tholiya

Mishra³

et al. 2022

Gels

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Hyperlipidemia is a crucial risk factor for the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis, ultimately leading to cardiovascular disease. The nanogel-based nanoplatform has emerged as an extremely promising drug delivery technology. Pravastatin Sodium (PS) is a cholesterol-lowering drug used to treat hyperlipidemia. This study aimed to fabricate Pravastatin-loaded nanogel for evaluation of its effect in hyperlipidemia treatment. Pravastatin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (PS-CS-NPs) were prepared by the ionic gelation method; then, these prepared NPs were converted to nanogel by adding a specified amount of 5% poloxamer solution. Various parameters, including drug entrapment efficacy, in vitro drug release, and hemolytic activity of the developed and optimized formulation, were evaluated. The in vitro drug release of the nanogel formulation revealed the sustained release (59.63% in 24 h) of the drug. The drug excipients compatibility studies revealed no interaction between the drug and the screened excipients. Higher drug entrapment efficacy was observed. The hemolytic activity showed lesser toxicity in nanoformulation than the pure drug solution. These findings support the prospective use of orally administered pravastatin-loaded nanogel as an effective and safe nano delivery system in hyperlipidemia treatment.

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Fabrication and biomedical potential of nanogels: An overview

Cited by 27 publications

References 56 publications

Synthesis of Nanogels: Current Trends and Future Outlook

Synthesis of Nanogels: Current Trends and Future Outlook

Designing and Engineering of Nanocarriers for Bioapplication in Cancer Immunotherapy

Formulation Development and Evaluation of Pravastatin-Loaded Nanogel for Hyperlipidemia Management

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