FAAH and CNR1 Polymorphisms in the Endocannabinoid System and Alcohol-Related Sleep Quality

Soundararajan, Soundarya; Kazmi, Narjis; Brooks, Alyssa T.; Krumlauf, Michael; Schwandt, Melanie L.; George, David T.; Hodgkinson, Colin A.; Wallen, Gwenyth R.; Ramchandani, Vijay A.

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.712178

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…It was found that subjective sleep disturbances differed significantly among CNR1 rs6454674 genotypes in both subjects with AUDs and the controls, but only among the controls, neuroticism personality scores mediated the relationship between genotype and sleep disturbances. On the other hand, objective sleep measures differed significantly by the CNR1 rs806368 genotype, both at baseline and follow-up, and the FAAH rs324420 genotype for recorded sleep duration among individuals with AUD at follow-up [434].…”

Section: Genetic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In WT mice, LY2828360 blocked morphine-induced reward in a CPP paradigm, whereas morphine-induced reward was absent in CB2r KO mice. LY2828360 partially attenuated naloxone-precipitated opioid withdrawal in morphine-dependent WT mice, whereas this withdrawal was markedly exacerbated in CB2r KO mice [474] Animals Maternally deprived adolescent rats Maternally deprived adolescent rats exhibited ↑ AEA in the NAcc, the Cpu nucleus, and the mesencephalon Maternally deprived adult rats, showed ↑ AEA and 2-AG in the NAcc, and ↑ 2-AG in the CPu nucleus [177,273,275] [193,195,196,230,231,233,269,271,271, 276,375,376,396,397,430,434] [134] [234,271,396] [234] [234,269,270,375,396,430,434,451,460,470] [396]…”

Section: Authorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Alterations of the Endocannabinoid System in Psychiatric Disorders

Navarro

Gasparyan

Navarrete

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The therapeutic benefits of the current medications for patients with psychiatric disorders contrast with a great variety of adverse effects. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) components have gained high interest as potential new targets for treating psychiatry diseases because of their neuromodulator role, which is essential to understanding the regulation of many brain functions. This article reviewed the molecular alterations in ECS occurring in different psychiatric conditions. The methods used to identify alterations in the ECS were also described. We used a translational approach. The animal models reproducing some behavioral and/or neurochemical aspects of psychiatric disorders and the molecular alterations in clinical studies in post-mortem brain tissue or peripheral tissues were analyzed. This article reviewed the most relevant ECS changes in prevalent psychiatric diseases such as mood disorders, schizophrenia, autism, attentional deficit, eating disorders (ED), and addiction. The review concludes that clinical research studies are urgently needed for two different purposes: (1) To identify alterations of the ECS components potentially useful as new biomarkers relating to a specific disease or condition, and (2) to design new therapeutic targets based on the specific alterations found to improve the pharmacological treatment in psychiatry.

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Section: Genetic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Authorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Alterations of the Endocannabinoid System in Psychiatric Disorders

Navarro

Gasparyan

Navarrete

et al. 2022

IJMS

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show abstract

“…In a study developed by Bühler and colleagues, authors evaluated the involvement of 10 SNPs of different targets, two of them corresponding to the FAAH gene. The positive rating of alcohol-related pictures was associated with the homozygous CC C38A SNP genotype, indicating that this SNP is a candidate for screening patients with a higher risk of alcoholrelated problems, such as sleep disturbances [44,45]. This correlation appears to be different depending on the ethnic factors.…”

Section: Gene Polymorphisms Of Ecs Componentsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Biomarkers of the Endocannabinoid System in Substance Use Disorders

et al. 2022

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Despite substance use disorders (SUD) being one of the leading causes of disability and mortality globally, available therapeutic approaches remain ineffective. The difficulty in accurately characterizing the neurobiological mechanisms involved with a purely qualitative diagnosis is an obstacle to improving the classification and treatment of SUD. In this regard, identifying central and peripheral biomarkers is essential to diagnosing the severity of drug dependence, monitoring therapeutic efficacy, predicting treatment response, and enhancing the development of safer and more effective pharmacological tools. In recent years, the crucial role that the endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays in regulating the reinforcing and motivational properties of drugs of abuse has been described. This has led to studies characterizing ECS alterations after exposure to various substances to identify biomarkers with potential diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic utility. This review aims to compile the primary evidence available from rodent and clinical studies on how the ECS components are modified in the context of different substance-related disorders, gathering data from genetic, molecular, functional, and neuroimaging experimental approaches. Finally, this report concludes that additional translational research is needed to further characterize the modifications of the ECS in the context of SUD, and their potential usefulness in the necessary search for biomarkers.

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“…AUD research has frequently investigated the endocannabinoid system (ECS) function, a widely distributed neuromodulatory system associated with central nervous system development and synaptic plasticity [14][15][16]. It includes cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2), endogenous cannabinoids, and the endocannabinoid degrading system (FAAH-fatty acid amide hydrolase).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations of the CNR1 Gene with Personality Traits in Women with Alcohol Use Disorder

Maciocha,

Suchanecka,

Chmielowiec

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a significant issue affecting women, with severe consequences for society, the economy, and most importantly, health. Both personality and alcohol use disorders are phenotypically very complex, and elucidating their shared heritability is a challenge for medical genetics. Therefore, our study investigated the correlations between the microsatellite polymorphism (AAT)n of the Cannabinoid Receptor 1 (CNR1) gene and personality traits in women with AUD. The study group included 187 female subjects. Of these, 93 were diagnosed with alcohol use disorder, and 94 were controls. Repeat length polymorphism of microsatellite regions (AAT)n in the CNR1 gene was identified with PCR. All participants were assessed with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview and completed the NEO Five-Factor and State-Trait Anxiety Inventories. In the group of AUD subjects, significantly fewer (AAT)n repeats were present when compared with controls (p = 0.0380). While comparing the alcohol use disorder subjects (AUD) and the controls, we observed significantly higher scores on the STAI trait (p < 0.00001) and state scales (p = 0.0001) and on the NEO Five-Factor Inventory Neuroticism (p < 0.00001) and Openness (p = 0.0237; insignificant after Bonferroni correction) scales. Significantly lower results were obtained on the NEO-FFI Extraversion (p = 0.00003), Agreeability (p < 0.00001) and Conscientiousness (p < 0.00001) scales by the AUD subjects when compared to controls. There was no statistically significant Pearson’s linear correlation between the number of (AAT)n repeats in the CNR1 gene and the STAI and NEO Five-Factor Inventory scores in the group of AUD subjects. In contrast, Pearson’s linear correlation analysis in controls showed a positive correlation between the number of the (AAT)n repeats and the STAI state scale (r = 0.184; p = 0.011; insignificant after Bonferroni correction) and a negative correlation with the NEO-FFI Openness scale (r = −0.241; p = 0.001). Interestingly, our study provided data on two separate complex issues, i.e., (1) the association of (AAT)n CNR1 repeats with the AUD in females; (2) the correlation of (AAT)n CNR1 repeats with anxiety as a state and Openness in non-alcohol dependent subjects. In conclusion, our study provided a plethora of valuable data for improving our understanding of alcohol use disorder and anxiety.

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FAAH and CNR1 Polymorphisms in the Endocannabinoid System and Alcohol-Related Sleep Quality

Cited by 3 publications

References 70 publications

Molecular Alterations of the Endocannabinoid System in Psychiatric Disorders

Molecular Alterations of the Endocannabinoid System in Psychiatric Disorders

Biomarkers of the Endocannabinoid System in Substance Use Disorders

Correlations of the CNR1 Gene with Personality Traits in Women with Alcohol Use Disorder

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