F207. Neurocognition and Adaptive Functioning in the 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Model of Schizophrenia

Abstract

Methods: In this randomized-controlled study, one recent onset psychosis (ROP) patient arm (n=18) underwent a 6-week (10-hour) computerized SCT (Brain HQ, Posit Science, https://www.brainhq.com/), while another naturalistic arm (n=18) received treatment as usual (TAU). Both treatment arms were assessed on a battery of neurocognitive tests and underwent a multimodal imaging protocol, including a 10 min restingstate fMRI, at two timepoints (baseline, T0; follow-up, FU). Seed-based voxel-wise rsFC was performed and individual-level rsFC correlation maps were calculated between the bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the whole brain. Results: The SCT group showed significant improvements in the domain of spatial working memory (p<0.05), processing speed (p<0.05) and resilience to both immediate and delayed memory decline over 6 weeks (p<0.05), as compared to TAU. Comparison of FC between the two measurement time points, suggested increased FC between mPFC and left inferior temporal gyrus (ITG), as well as increased FC between mPFC and left somatosensory area in ROP patients that underwent SCT relative to TAU. Discussion: We have shown improvements in processing speed, verbal memory, and spatial working memory that agree with previous studies using computerized cognitive interventions. Moreover, the improvement in the spatial working memory domain was significant in the most demanding test condition with 10 elements-indicative of benefits from the fine-tuning of higher-level executive functions. The neuroimaging results also suggested that the improvements may have been mediated by the improvement of FC in regions typically associated with social cognition and facial recognition (Adolphs et al., 2009). These results are in line with recent studies investigating not only the feasibility of SCT as an intervention, but also the effects on cognition and underlying neural alterations resulting from intensive computerized neurocognitive interventions (Hooker et al., 2012; Nahum et al., 2014; Subramaniam et al., 2014). Future studies using machine learning methods will be necessary to determine functional biomarkers in order to personalize SCT at the individual-level.