Eyes on the Lid: The Impact of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Targeting Drug on Human Meibomian Gland

Abstract

Objective: To determine whether fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)-targeting drug could impact human meibomian gland. Methods: We followed up with three patients who were using pemigatinib for 4 to 10 weeks. The patients were evaluated for their ocular surface disease index, best-corrected visual acuity, Schirmer test, cornea staining, meibum expressibility score, tear meniscus height, noninvasive tear film breakup time, and meibomian gland area. The distribution of the FGFR family, FGF7, and FGF10 were evaluated by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot in fresh tarsal tissues from deidentified patients who underwent lid plastic surgeries. Results: All patients developed apparent meibomian gland atrophy, shortening and narrowing of ducts, and significantly increased meibum expressibility and decreased noninvasive tear film breakup time within 5 to 8 weeks. Laboratory evaluations confirmed that human meibomian gland expresses abundant fibroblast growth factor receptors. Conclusions: These findings indicate that meibomian gland is a target tissue of FGFR inhibitors, and patients who use these drugs may develop meibomian gland dysfunction.