Eye Movements in Patients with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy—Comparison with Schizophrenics and Normal Controls

Nakajima, Kazunori; Kojima, Tetsuhito; Matsushima, Eisuke; Uesugi, Shuji; Ando, Katsumi; Ohtaka, Tadashi; Takahashi, Ryo; Ohnuma, Teiichi; Shimazono, Y

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1819.1988.tb01389.x

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, the shortening of MESL does not seem to be specific to schizophrenia. On the other hand, we have not yet found any patient group with psychiatric or organic diseases in which the RSS is statistically similar to that of the group of schizophrenic patients (Kojima et al 1986a(Kojima et al , 1987(Kojima et al , 1988(Kojima et al , 1990Nakajima et al 1988;Ohta et al 1988). Not only chronic and acute schizophrenic subjects, but also those in remission, can be distinguished from subjects with methamphetamine psychosis (RSS: 9.9 ± 1.7), temporal lobe epileptic subjects (10.7 ± 1.9), and normal control subjects by using the RSS (Kojima et al 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…On the other hand, the authors have been studying eye movements in schizophrenic patients while they are freely viewing geometric figures. These eye movements are considered to reflect more voluntary attention than the pursuit eye movements (Moriya et al 1972; Kojima et al 1986 a , 1986 b , 1988, 1989, 1990; Nakajima et al 1988). Callaway and Naghdi (1982) distinguished between two types of information processing: one consisted of automatic parallel processes, and the other used controlled serial processes.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Exploratory Eye Movements and Neuropsychological Tests in Schizophrenic Patients

Kojima

Matsushima

Ando

et al. 1992

Schizophrenia Bulletin

124

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Exploratory eye movements in schizophrenic and nonschizophrenic subjects were examined with an eye mark recorder while the subjects viewed geometric figures. Elementary components of eye movements and the responsive search score (RSS), a function of the number of sections on which the subjects fixated, were measured by means of an eye movement analyzer and slow motion replay. The schizophrenic group and the depressed patient group had fewer eye fixations than the normal control group and the obsessive-compulsive disorder group. The schizophrenic group had a lower RSS average than patients with depression, patients with obsessive-compulsive disorders, or subjects in the normal control group. These results in conjunction with those of our previous studies suggest that a low RSS is specific to schizophrenia. We examined the relationship between these eye movements and neuropsychological tests and also investigated the relation between the eye movements and clinical symptoms by means of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms. The RSS correlated positively with the performance IQ and Wechsler's Maze test, but not with the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test or the verbal IQ result. The RSS also correlated negatively with negative symptoms. These results suggest that the RSS has two characteristic features: it is strongly associated with the interpersonal response and it may be connected with visuospatial and visuomotor functions including attention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

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confidence: 99%

Exploratory Eye Movements and Neuropsychological Tests in Schizophrenic Patients

Kojima

Matsushima

Ando

et al. 1992

Schizophrenia Bulletin

124

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“…Kojima’s lab (Nakajima et al, 1988; Kojima, Potkin, Kharazmi, Matsushima, Herrera & Shimazono, 1989; Kojima et al, 1990) conducted a series of investigations of schizophrenia patients’ visual search performance, all of which replicated the earlier Gaebel et al (1987) finding that the patients display poorer visual search performance than normal controls. Schizophrenia patients produce fewer exploratory eye movements when presented with a geometric figure to draw and then compare to two additional figures that differ slightly from the original stimulus.…”

Section: Schizophrenics’ Performance On Scanpaths and Visual Search Tmentioning

confidence: 73%

The tell-tale tasks: A review of saccadic research in psychiatric patient populations

Gooding

Basso

2008

Brain and Cognition

131

110

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This review focuses on saccade research with adult psychiatric patients. It begins with an introduction of the various types of saccades and the tasks used to evoke them. The functional significance of the different types of eye movements is briefly discussed. Research findings regarding the saccadic performance of different adult psychiatric patient populations are discussed in detail, with particular emphasis on findings regarding error rates, response latencies, and any specific task parameters that might affect those variables. Findings regarding the symptom, neurocognitive, and neural correlates of saccadic performance and the functional significance of patients' saccadic deficits are also discussed. We also discuss the saccadic deficits displayed by various patient groups in terms of circuitry (e.g. cortical/basal ganglia circuits) that may be implicated in the underlying pathophysiology of several of these disorders. Future directions for research in this growing area are offered.

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“…It has also been reported that the results of their parents were mid‐way between those of HC and SZ patients 193, 216 . Several studies concluded that EEMs are a potential biomarker of SZ 113, 115, 121, 193, 214, 284 . Importantly, among the five commonly used parameters obtained from exploratory eye movement tests, including the NEFs, mean eye scanning length, TESL, cognitive search score and RSS; only the RSS, which measures the pattern of eye fixations after the question, (‘ Are there any other differences?…”

Section: Discussion and Summary Of Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent updates of eye movement abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia: A scoping review

Wolf

Ueda

Hirano

2021

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Aim Although eye‐tracking technology expands beyond capturing eye data just for the sole purpose of ensuring participants maintain their gaze at the presented fixation cross, gaze technology remains of less importance in clinical research. Recently, impairments in visual information encoding processes indexed by novel gaze metrics have been frequently reported in patients with schizophrenia. This work undertakes a scoping review of research on saccadic dysfunctions and exploratory eye movement deficits among patients with schizophrenia. It gathers promising pieces of evidence of eye movement abnormalities in attention‐demanding tasks on the schizophrenia spectrum that have mounted in recent years and their outcomes as potential biological markers. Methods The protocol was drafted based on PRISMA for scoping review guidelines. Electronic databases were systematically searched to identify articles published between 2010 and 2020 that examined visual processing in patients with schizophrenia and reported eye movement characteristics as potential biomarkers for this mental illness. Results The use of modern eye‐tracking instrumentation has been reported by numerous neuroscientific studies to successfully and non‐invasively improve the detection of visual information processing impairments among the screened population at risk of and identified with schizophrenia. Conclusions Eye‐tracking technology has the potential to contribute to the process of early intervention and more apparent separation of the diagnostic entities, being put together by the syndrome‐based approach to the diagnosis of schizophrenia. However, context‐processing paradigms should be conducted and reported in equally accessible publications to build comprehensive models.

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Eye Movements in Patients with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy—Comparison with Schizophrenics and Normal Controls

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Exploratory Eye Movements and Neuropsychological Tests in Schizophrenic Patients

Exploratory Eye Movements and Neuropsychological Tests in Schizophrenic Patients

The tell-tale tasks: A review of saccadic research in psychiatric patient populations

Recent updates of eye movement abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia: A scoping review

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