Eye movements during Chinese reading

The use of probabilistic lexicality cues for word segmentation in Chinese reading

“…All of these effects replicated findings previously reported in the literature (see Li, Zang, Liversedge, &Pollatsek, 2015 andZang, Liversedge, Bai, &Yan, 2011 for reviews of studies investigating saccadic targeting in Chinese). These findings clearly indicate that the preview manipulation that we achieved using the boundary paradigm was effective.…”

“…Since Chinese is an unspaced, character based language with no clear demarcation of word boundaries and since there is often ambiguity regarding which character strings comprise a word (Liu, Li, Lin & Li, 2013;Yan, Kliegl, Richter, Nuthmann, & Shu, 2010;Zang, et al, 2011), it is important to investigate how Chinese readers segment character strings into words as they read. In the present study we assessed whether Chinese readers were sensitive to information concerning how often a character appears as a single character word compared with the first character in a two character word, and whether such information is used to modulate A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 19 processing and word segmentation in relation to characters to the right of the current fixation.…”

Inserting spaces into Chinese text helps readers to learn new words: An eye movement study

“…In contrast, Chinese text is normally printed as a continuous string of characters, where words are comprised of between one, two, three or more adjacent characters (2-character words are most common) (Bai, Yan, Liversedge, Zang, & Rayner, 2008;Chu & Leung, 2005;Hanley, 2005;Zang, Liversedge, Bai, & Yan, 2011). There are no visual cues as to where the boundaries lie between words; knowing which characters comprise the different words in the sentence relies entirely on linguistic processing of the text.…”

“…The processes underlying lexical identification may be very different in Chinese compared to alphabetic languages (for an explanation of the structure of Chinese characters, see Yan et al, 2011;also Hanley, 2005;Zang et al, 2011). A prevalent assumption has been that Chinese writing is logographic, and that form-to-meaning processing underlies lexical identification with little involvement of phonology (see Perfetti, Liu, & Tan, 2005).…”

New Directions in Empirical Translation Process Research

“…2). As Chinese is a logographic language which does not require blank spaces between the characters (Zang et al 2011), the processing of the Chinese language data involved additional procedures so that they could be automatically analyzed using the Study Analysis script. 3 These procedures are described in Sects.…”