Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: The state of the art of efficacy in children and adolescent with post traumatic stress disorder

Manzoni, Martina; Fernández, Isabel; Bertella, Silvana; Tizzoni, Federica; Gazzola, Erica; Molteni, Massimo; Nobile, Maria

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.088

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Continuing longer-term psychological work to finish addressing issues identified in the mind-body formulation (e.g., addressing illness-promoting psychological processes with a CBT intervention, or addressing unresolved loss or trauma with a trauma-focused intervention such as eye-movement desensitization, trauma-focused CBT, radical exposure tapping, or accelerated resolution therapy) 96–99 …”

Section: Step 7: Taking the Program Home To Maintain Resilience And P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence-Based Mind-Body Interventions for Children and Adolescents with Functional Neurological Disorder

Kozlowska

Chudleigh

Savage

et al. 2023

Harv Rev Psychiatry

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Learning objectives:• Develop and implement treatment plans for children and adolescents with functional neurological disorder (FND) • Outline a plan to increase awareness and standardize the care for patients with FND using evidence-based interventions Abstract: Functional neurological disorder (FND) in children and adolescents involves the biological embedding of lived experience in the body and brain. This embedding culminates in stress-system activation or dysregulation and in aberrant changes in neural network function. In pediatric neurology clinics, FND represents up to one-fifth of patients. Current research shows good outcomes with prompt diagnosis and treatment using a biopsychosocial, stepped-care approach. At present, however-and worldwide-FND services are scarce, the result of long-standing stigma and ingrained belief that patients with FND do not suffer from a real ("organic") disorder and that they therefore do not require, or even deserve, treatment. Since 1994, the Mind-Body Program for children and adolescents with FND at The Children's Hospital at Westmead in Sydney, Australia-run by a consultation-liaison team-has delivered inpatient care to hundreds of patients with FND and outpatient care to hundreds of others. For less-disabled patients, the program enables community-based clinicians to implement biopsychosocial interventions locally by providing a positive diagnosis (by a neurologist or pediatrician), a biopsychosocial assessment and formulation (by clinicians from the consultation-liaison team), a physical therapy assessment, and clinical support (from the consultation-liaison team and the physiotherapist). In this Perspective we describe the elements of a biopsychosocial mind-body program intervention capable of providing, as needed, effective treatment to children and adolescents with FND. Our aim is to communicate to clinicians and institutions around the world what is needed to establish effective community treatment programs, as well as hospital inpatient and outpatient interventions, in their own health care settings.

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Section: Step 7: Taking the Program Home To Maintain Resilience And P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence-Based Mind-Body Interventions for Children and Adolescents with Functional Neurological Disorder

Kozlowska

Chudleigh

Savage

et al. 2023

Harv Rev Psychiatry

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“…According to NICE guidelines, EMDR is indicated in the treatment of PTSD for adults and should also be considered for children and young people aged 7 to 17 years. Research suggests that EMDR therapy could also be effective for children and adolescents with PTSD ( 33 ). NICE guidelines, however, lack information concerning effective treatment for PTSD for people with ID.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EMDR treatment for people with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review about difficulties and adaptations

Schipper-Eindhoven,

de Knegt,

Mevissen

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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IntroductionPeople with intellectual disabilities (ID) are at increased risk for developing Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Emerging evidence indicates that Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy is feasible and potentially effective for this group. However, communication, cognition, stress regulation, and attachment difficulties may interfere with the EMDR process. Adaptation of the EMDR protocol seems therefore required for this population.AimThis review aims to systematically identify and categorize the difficulties in applying EMDR to people with ID and the adaptations made by therapists to overcome these challenges.MethodsA literature search was performed in May 2023. Article selection was based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and quality appraisal.ResultsAfter screening, 13 articles remained for further review. The identified difficulties and adaptations were categorized into the three domains of adaptive functioning (i.e., conceptual, social, and practical functioning). Considerable difficulties in applying the EMDR protocol for this group were reported. The adaptations made by therapists to overcome these difficulties were highly variable. They could be divided into three main categories: adaptions in EMDR delivery (e.g., tuning to the developmental level of the client, simplifying language, decreasing pace), involvement of others (e.g., involving family or support staff during or in between sessions), and the therapeutic relationship (e.g., taking more time, supportive attitude).DiscussionThe variability of the number of mentioned difficulties and adaptations per study seems to be partly related to the specific EMDR protocol that was used. In particular, when the Shapiro adult protocol was administered, relatively more detailed difficulties and adaptations were described than in publications based on derived existing versions of an EMDR protocol for children and adolescents. A probable explanation is that already embedded modifications in these protocols facilitate the needed attunement to the client’s level of functioning.Practical implicationsThe authors of this review suggest that EMDR protocols for children and adolescents could be adapted for people with an intellectual disability. Further research should focus on the involvement of trusted others in EMDR therapy for people with ID and the therapeutic relationship from an attachment and relational-based perspective.

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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder/Developmental Trauma Disorder/Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Complementary and Integrative Medicine/Functional Medicine

Simkin¹

2023

Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America

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Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: The state of the art of efficacy in children and adolescent with post traumatic stress disorder

Cited by 12 publications

References 25 publications

Evidence-Based Mind-Body Interventions for Children and Adolescents with Functional Neurological Disorder

Evidence-Based Mind-Body Interventions for Children and Adolescents with Functional Neurological Disorder

EMDR treatment for people with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review about difficulties and adaptations

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder/Developmental Trauma Disorder/Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Complementary and Integrative Medicine/Functional Medicine

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