Eye lens and thyroid gland radiation exposure for patients undergoing brain computed tomography examination

Omer, Hiba; Alameen, Suhaib; Mahmoud, Waleed E.; Sulieman, Abdelmoneim; Nasir, Omaima; Abolaban, Fouad A.

doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.10.010

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Other sensitive organs such as skin and red bone marrow showed significantly reduced exposure in the low-dose protocol. For example, the estimated dose exposure to the thyroid gland was 25.35 mGy, which is similar to the reported literature [19,20]. Importantly, the total effective dose during comprehensive scanning (NCCT + CTA + CTP) was 6.128 mSv in the low-dose protocol as compared 11.48 mSv in the standard scanning, a reduction of 46.6%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Radiation exposure during computerized tomography-based neuroimaging for acute ischemic stroke: a case-control study

Kapur

Sharma

2021

Journal of Integrative Neuroscience

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Patients and clinicians often raise concerns about radiation exposure to various organs during computerized tomography-based imaging. We evaluated radiation exposure during standard and low-dose imaging protocols for non-contrast computerized tomography, computerized tomography angiography and computerized tomography perfusion of the head. Whether reducing the radiation dose affected the image quality was also evaluated. Radiation data were retrieved for computerized tomography-based imaging studies performed for acute ischemic stroke patients during 2015. The volume-weighted computerized tomography dose index, dose-length product, scan length, effective dose and whole-body integral dose for brain, skin, eye, thyroid and red bone marrow were extracted from dose-tracking software. Dose metrics for low-dose protocols data were compared with standard protocols. The calculated effective doses for noncontrast computerized tomography, computerized tomography angiography and computerized tomography perfusion were 2.56 ± 0.67 mSv, 4.45 ± 2.5 mSv, and 4.47 ± 0.85 mSv, respectively for 391 acute ischemic stroke patients. Corresponding radiation exposures for lowdose protocol (n = 31) were non-contrast computerized tomography (2.36 ± 0.65 mSv), computerized tomography angiography (1.57 ± 0.74 mSv) and computerized tomography perfusion (2.20 ± 0.55 mSv). Overall, the effective dose for one complete stroke imaging protocol (non-contrast computerized tomography + computerized tomography angiography + computerized tomography perfusion) for the standard-dose protocol was 11.48 mSv, which was reduced to 6.13 mSv (46.6% reduction) using a low-dose protocol (p < 0.001). Reduced radiation exposure was noted for other radiosensitive organs. Radiation exposures of sensitive organs are within acceptable limits with standard neuroimaging protocols for acute ischemic stroke. Lower-dose computerized tomography imaging protocols reduced the radiation doses without appreciable deterioration in image quality.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Radiation exposure during computerized tomography-based neuroimaging for acute ischemic stroke: a case-control study

Kapur

Sharma

2021

Journal of Integrative Neuroscience

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“…10,11 Moreover, studies on the thyroid's ED and lifetime attributable risk (LAR) for both sexes (male and female) have received less attention. [12][13][14][15] Only a few studies have evaluated the risk of thyroid cancer from head CT scans in adults of both sexes using the risk model recommended by the Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR). 12,15,16 Maziar et al 17 assessed the mean ED of thyroid radiation in adults who underwent head CT scans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation and comparison of the effective dose and lifetime attributable risk of thyroid cancer between males and females in routine head computed tomography scans: a multicentre study

Khoramian,

Haghparast,

Honardari

et al. 2024

J of Medical Radiation Sci

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IntroductionA significant number of head computed tomography (CT) scans are performed annually. However, due to the close proximity of the thyroid gland to the radiation field, this procedure can expose the gland to ionising radiation. Consequently, this study aimed to estimate organ dose, effective dose (ED) and lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of thyroid cancer from head CT scans in adults.MethodsHead CT scans of 74 patients (38 males and 36 females) were collected using three different CT scanners. Age, sex, and scanning parameters, including scan length, tube current–time product (mAs), pitch, CT dose index, and dose‐length product (DLP) were collected. CT‐Expo software was used to calculate thyroid dose and ED for each patient based on scan parameters. LARs were subsequently computed using the methodology presented in the Biologic Effects of Ionizing Radiation (BEIR) Phase VII report.ResultsAlthough the mean thyroid organ dose (2.66 ± 1.03 mGy) and ED (1.6 ± 0.4 mSv) were slightly higher in females, these differences were not statistically significant compared to males (mean thyroid dose, 2.52 ± 1.31 mGy; mean ED, 1.5 ± 0.4 mSv). Conversely, there was a significant difference between the mean thyroid LAR of females (0.91 ± 1.35) and males (0.20136 ± 0.29) (P = 0.001). However, the influencing parameters were virtually identical for both groups.ConclusionsThe study's results indicate that females have a higher LAR than males, which can be attributed to higher radiation sensitivity of the thyroid in females. Thus, additional care in the choice of scan parameters and irradiated scan field for female patients is recommended.

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“…However, Omer et al . ( 20 ) noted that imaging protocols and lack of training can cause variations in the radiation doses of the lenses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Dose of the Eye Lens in Ct Examinations of the Brain in Clinical Practice—the Effect of Radiographer Training to Optimise Gantry Tilt and Scan Length

Tarkiainen

Nadhum

Heikkilä

et al. 2023

Radiation Protection Dosimetry

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Lenses are always exposed to radiation in brain computed tomography (CT) scans. However, the lens dose can be reduced by excluding lens from scanning area by optimising gantry tilt and scan length. The object of this study is to retrospectively analyse if the optimisation by gantry tilt and scan length have been adequate in the CT scan of the brain, and to prospectively analyse the effect of radiographer training to the quality of the CT examinations. This study was conducted in two parts. In all, 329 brain CTs performed in the Tampere University Hospital from 2017 to 2019 were revised retrospectively. The prospective part included 51 brain CT studies conducted in October 2021. Dose to the eye of the lens was modelled using CT-Expo using zero-degree beam angle and scan lengths to expose the lens either to the primary or scattered radiation. Non-zero gantry tilt had been used in a large proportion of the CT examinations in the retrospective setting, 84.8%. However, the lenses were successfully excluded from the scan area in only 1.8% of the examinations. In the prospective part, the gantry tilt was used in 98% of the studies and the proportion of successful examinations rose from 1.8 to 11.8%. The lens dose decreased significantly when the eyes were excluded from the imaging area. The modelled lens dose in the large retrospective part was 25.9 mGy (17.8–49.2 mGy) when the eyes were included and 1.5 mGy (0.4–1.9 mGy) when the eyes were excluded. The lens dose was similar in the small prospective part. Despite the gantry tilt is widely used, unnecessary lens irradiation occurs extensively because of suboptimal gantry tilt and scan length. The training of radiographers reduces the radiation exposure to the lens by more optimal gantry tilt and scan length.

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Eye lens and thyroid gland radiation exposure for patients undergoing brain computed tomography examination

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Radiation exposure during computerized tomography-based neuroimaging for acute ischemic stroke: a case-control study

Radiation exposure during computerized tomography-based neuroimaging for acute ischemic stroke: a case-control study

Estimation and comparison of the effective dose and lifetime attributable risk of thyroid cancer between males and females in routine head computed tomography scans: a multicentre study

Radiation Dose of the Eye Lens in Ct Examinations of the Brain in Clinical Practice—the Effect of Radiographer Training to Optimise Gantry Tilt and Scan Length

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