Eye injuries in the National Hockey League from 2010 to 2018: an analysis of injury rates, mechanisms, and the National Hockey League visor policy

Pradeep, Tejus; Arun, Siddharth; Ravipati, Advaitaa; Poudel, Bibhav; Aradhya, Ahimsa; Pradeep, Kalyani

doi:10.1016/j.jcjo.2020.08.003

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Only protective equipment, such as polycarbonate lenses that adheres to the updated American Society for Testing and Materials ( 42 ), rather than regular lenses that are one-twentieth as strong ( 43 ) and can cause indirect eyeball penetration injuries, is necessary and effective in sports to reduce sports-related ocular trauma, especially in collision or contact sports ( 7 ). Eye injuries declined steeply following the introduction of visors, which was mandated for use during the national hockey league in 2013 ( 44 ). The establishment of safer surroundings and sports rules for participants also requires more attention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrepancy of eye injuries in mechanism, clinical features, and vision prognosis by different causative sports

Zhang,

Jia,

Kang

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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ObjectiveTo investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of sports-related eye injuries in China, as well as how they differ depending on the sport or other specific factor that caused them.MethodsConsecutive medical records from 2015 to 2019 of sports-related eye injuries from a standardized database in nine tertiary referral hospitals in China were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.ResultsA total of 377 eyes in 376 inpatients (mean age, 22.5 ± 7.3 years; men:women 15.4:1) were included. Soccer (46.8%), basketball (27.1%), and badminton (16.8%) were the top three sports that caused injury. Ball strikes (74.7%), physical collision (13.8%), and racket/equipment beating (9.0%) were the common specific causes of injury. Blunt force injuries (95.8%) and close globe injuries (95.1%) accounted for the majority of injuries. Open globe injuries occurred more in basketball (8.3%) than in other sports, mainly due to physical collision (12.8%) and racket/equipment beating (11.8%). Basketball (13.4%) or physical collision (21.3%) caused Zone I injuries more frequently than other sports. Soccer (60.5%) and basketball (54.6%) caused more injuries to the posterior segment of the eyeball than other sports, mainly due to ball strikes (96.6%). Badminton (69.8%) and racket beating (61.8%) caused more Zone II globe injuries than other sports. In badminton, the percentage of hyphema (85.7%), the most typical symptom of eye damage, and ultimate visual acuity (VA) ≥20/40 (88.9%) was the greatest. A final low vision score of (≤4/200) was observed in 10.6% of all participants, including three participants who had an eye removed due to rupturing. The final VA was positively correlated with the presenting VA (r = 0.421).ConclusionSports can lead to high proportions of ocular contusion injury and low vision. VA prognosis is closely related to initial VA following ocular sports trauma, which is directly determined by the causative sports and/or the specific causes. Effective eye protection is imperative to avoid or reduce visual impairments of sports participants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrepancy of eye injuries in mechanism, clinical features, and vision prognosis by different causative sports

Zhang,

Jia,

Kang

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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“…Most patients were not severely injured, with a median ISS of 4 [4][5][6][7][8][9] (Table 2). The lower extremities were the most commonly injured body region (29%), followed by the head, upper extremities, and abdomen (19%, 17%, and 15% respectively).…”

Section: Patient Demographics Clinical Data and Injury Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Despite this enthusiasm and relatively robust literature on the sport in many ways, national-level analyses of patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and injury data are lacking. In hockey and other contact sports, attention has recently been given to injury prevention, especially in terms of head, 2,3 face, [4][5][6][7] and mouth [8][9][10] injuries. Helmets, visors, and mouthguards are frequently required to play hockey, as injuries can be sustained via a number of different mechanisms including falling on the ice or into the boards, puck strike, or contact with another player.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Minutes for Roughing: A National Analysis of Ice Hockey Injuries from American Trauma Centers

Owattanapanich

Schellenberg

Emigh

et al. 2022

The American Surgeon™

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Background Hockey is a high-impact sport that carries a risk of injury. No national-level studies defining the burden of injury in this sport have yet been performed. This study sought to analyze patient demographics, injury types and severity, and outcomes after trauma sustained while playing hockey. Methods Retrospective analysis of hockey-related injuries was performed using the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) (2007-2018). Patients were identified based on ICD-9 and -10 codes without exclusions. Demographics, clinical/injury data, and outcomes were examined using univariate analysis. Subgroup analysis was performed by patient sex. Results Hockey injuries (n = 306) comprised <1% of the NTDB. Median age was 15 years [IQR 13-25] (range 5-71). Most patients (n = 279, 91%) were male. Lower extremities were the most frequently injured body region (n = 88, 29%). Head injuries occurred in 19% (n = 57). Facial injuries occurred in 6% (n = 17). Tooth loss was infrequent (n = 2, 1%). One (<1%) death occurred after a hockey-related brain injury. Clinical/injury data between male and female hockey players were comparable apart from a significantly higher rate of upper extremity fractures among the female cohort (22% vs 4%, P < .001). Conclusion Perceptions that hockey players may frequently sustain head, face, and tooth injuries from collisions, fighting, or stick/puck impacts were not supported by this national-level study, in which lower extremity fractures were the most common injury. While hockey injury prevention equipment has primarily focused on head/face protection (eg, helmets and mouthguards), this analysis suggests increased focus on extremity protective measures is warranted.

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“…No reports of significant ocular injuries are reported when such protection is worn during squash or racquetball 43 . The national hockey league mandated half visors in 2013, and a steep decline in ocular injuries followed 44 . Eye protection made of polycarbonate lenses, which can provide 20 times more protection than regular glasses, can therefore significantly reduce sports-related ocular injuries.…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Related Sports Injuries

Ohana

Alabiad

2021

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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complexities of this patient population. Our findings suggest that most of the sports-related hospital admissions were due to softball and basketball. Majority of the athletes had contusions and abrasions or lacerations. This study emphasizes the need for improved protective gear, such as face shields and low-impact softballs. When managing these injuries, clinicians must consider the female versus male and child versus adult injury pattern. Physicians should aim to mitigate the sequelae of long-term consequences that may be more prominent in female athletes, including scarring as well as anxiety and depression.

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Eye injuries in the National Hockey League from 2010 to 2018: an analysis of injury rates, mechanisms, and the National Hockey League visor policy

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Discrepancy of eye injuries in mechanism, clinical features, and vision prognosis by different causative sports

Discrepancy of eye injuries in mechanism, clinical features, and vision prognosis by different causative sports

Two Minutes for Roughing: A National Analysis of Ice Hockey Injuries from American Trauma Centers

Ocular Related Sports Injuries

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