Eye Injuries from Pencil Lead: Three Cases

Arıcı, Ceyhun; Arslan, Osman; Görgülü, Burcu; Yıldırım, Rengin; Onur, Umut

doi:10.4274/tjo.32448

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Nevertheless, most surgeons approve of surgical removal of a foreign body because it is an origin of life-threatening hemorrhage and infectious complications. 1 , 11 , 14 , 15 In our case, there was a high risk of injury to the ICA if the foreign body had been pulled out from the outside because of its close proximity to this artery. It may be safer to remove such foreign bodies under visual monitoring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Penetrating transorbital injury by a coloring pencil in a 3-year-old child: A case report

et al. 2019

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A transorbital penetrating injury by a foreign body is an extremely rare type of injury, and its severity is often difficult to estimate by examination of the superficial wound alone. Thus, such injuries are challenging for neurosurgeons to investigate and manage. We herein present a peculiar case involving a 3-year-old girl with a penetrating transorbital skull-base injury caused by a coloring pencil and discuss the anatomical location of the foreign body, radiological examination findings, diagnosis, and treatment strategy. The pencil was completely removed by manual extraction. Follow-up investigations confirmed a good outcome. Multidisciplinary cooperation, radiological examination, correct diagnosis, timely treatment, and detailed follow-up studies are necessary to manage penetrating transorbital skull-base injuries caused by foreign bodies. The orbital walls are very thin in children, and the orbital roof and superior orbital fissure are often penetrated by foreign bodies in cases such as that described herein. The anatomical location of the foreign body influences the clinical management strategy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Penetrating transorbital injury by a coloring pencil in a 3-year-old child: A case report

et al. 2019

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“…Fakat, endoftalmi benzeri ciddi inflamatuar reaksiyon gösteren hastalar literatürde mevcuttur, ancak bu tablonun kurşun kalemlerdeki hangi bileşenden kaynaklandığı konusunda fikir birliği oluşturulamamıştır. 4,6,7 Honda ve ark., kurşun kalem yaralanması ile başvuran ve periferik retinasında grafit yabancı cisimciği saptanan 5 yaşındaki çocuk hastayı, 6 yıl boyunca fundus fotoğrafları, fundus fluoresein anjiyografi ve seri elektroretinogram ile takip ettiklerini ve yabancı cisime bağlı herhangi bir toksisite ve hasar izlemediklerini bildirmişlerdir. 4 Arıcı ve ark., 15 yaşında sağ gözüne kurşun kalem battıktan 2 gün sonra başvuran hastalarında kornea temporalinde limbusa yakın yerleşimli, kornea ve irisi penetre eden kurşun kalem ucu saptamışlardır.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Hastanın göz içi yabancı cismi çıkarıldıktan sonra, ön kamaraya 2 mg/0,05 mL triamsinolon ve 0,25 mg/0,05 mL moksifloksasin enjekte ettiklerini, ameliyat sonrası topikal moksifloksasin ve deksametazon kullandıklarını ve bir yıllık takiplerinde ön kamarada reaksiyon izlemediklerini bildirmişlerdir. 6 Amritanand ve ark., 4 ay önce gözüne kurşun kalem travması tarifleyen 6 yaşındaki hastalarının biyomikroskobik ön segment muayenesinde, alt yarıda kornea içerisinde ön kamaraya uzanımı olan kurşun kalem ucu saptamışlar ve iris üzerinde grafit partiküllerinin olduğunu, fakat herhangi bir inflamatuar reaksiyon gelişmediğini bildirmişlerdir. Yabancı cismin çıkartılması ve ön kamaradan karbon partiküllerinin temizlenmesi sonrasında topikal steroid ve siklopentolat kullandıklarını, hastanın izlemlerinde intraoküler enfeksiyon ve toksisite bulgusu saptanmadığını bildirmişlerdir.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Corneal Penetrated Injury with Pencil

Mayalı¹,

Biçak²,

Kurt³

2019

Turkiye Klinikleri J Ophthalmol

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küler penetran yaralanmalar çocukluk yaş grubunda sık gözlenen ve ciddi görme kaybına yol açabilen nedenlerdendir. 1 Cam, plastik, kirpik, metal, taş ve tahta gibi yabancı cisimler etiyolojide sıklıkla karşımıza çıkmakta, ancak kurşun kalem ile olan travmalar oldukça nadir görülmektedir. 2,3 Kurşun kalem uçları ana madde olarak grafit bulundurmakta ve meydana gelen oküler yaralanmada kalem ucunda bulunan grafit tanecikleri göz içerisine saçılıp, birikimler oluşturabilmektedir. Saçılan grafit parçacıkları inaktif kalabileceği gibi ciddi inflamatuar reaksiyonlarada neden olabilmektedir. 4Bu çalışmada, kurşun kalem ile meydana gelen korneal penetran travma sonrası, ön kamarada hızlı inflamatuar yanıt gelişen olgunun su-Turkiye Klinikleri J Ophthalmol. 2019;28(3):215-8 215 Re ce i ved:

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“…The toxicity of the other components, however, is controversial [7,8]. Arici et al [8] concluded that carbon particles in the cornea are well tolerated in the long run, and that anti-inflammatory medication, preventive antibiotic therapy, and monitoring can help patients with intraocular pencil lead injury have a good prognosis. However, pencil injuries have also been reported to cause severe endophthalmitis [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a similar study, with subjects aged 6 months to 81 years, Jack-Okereke et al [4], reported that 6% of all domestic injuries in Enugu is due to pencils/pens injuries. Majority of injuries from pencil and pen in children occur accidentally while writing, drawing, painting or playing with these writing materials either as a stab/poke injury or missile injury [8,10,12]. The child may also trip and fall on a pencil held in the hand [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Pencil and Pen Eye Injury among Children in Anambra State, South-East, Nigeria: Ten Year Retrospective Study

Anajekwu

Eze

2023

AJMAH

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Background: Eye injuries constitute a significant portion of most ophthalmologic consultations and ocular emergencies with grave consequences, especially in children, if not managed well early enough. Traumatic eye damage is the leading cause of monocular blindness worldwide. This study aimed to determine the incidence, circumstances and types of ocular injury among children in Anambra state, South-East, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A ten- year retrospective study of 211 children aged below 18 years who presented with eye trauma in two mission hospitals in Anambra State, Nigeria. Case file of children with ocular trauma were retrieved from the medical records and those with pencil and pen injury isolated. Required information was extracted from the case files and recorded in a pro-forma. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science, Version 20 (SPSS-20). Results: The incidence of pencil/pen eye injury was 10.9% (23/211). The injuries were commoner in males (M:F=1.6:1) and in those aged five years and below. Stab injuries constituted 56.5% (13) of the injuries while 34.8% (8) were missile injuries. Forty-six percent (6) of the stab injuries were self-inflicted with two-third of this being in children younger than five years. Corneal laceration, followed by anterior uveitis, was the commonest form of eye injury. Conclusion: There is a high incidence of pencil and pen injury in South-East, Nigerian children. Although visual prognosis is good with early presentation and treatment, adequate preventive measures should be put in place to forestall the occurrence of this potentially blinding condition in children.

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Eye Injuries from Pencil Lead: Three Cases

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Penetrating transorbital injury by a coloring pencil in a 3-year-old child: A case report

Penetrating transorbital injury by a coloring pencil in a 3-year-old child: A case report

Corneal Penetrated Injury with Pencil

Incidence of Pencil and Pen Eye Injury among Children in Anambra State, South-East, Nigeria: Ten Year Retrospective Study

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