Eye disorders associated with obstructive sleep apnoea

West, Sophie; Turnbull, Chris D.

doi:10.1097/mcp.0000000000000322

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…It is known that these are core mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes and other neurological disorders [8]. Although OSA is a well-known major risk factor for many systemic diseases and multi-organ dysfunction [9], a few studies have additionally reported that OSA is associated with eye disorders [10-12]. These studies suggested that the main mechanisms leading to the ocular complications of OSA are mainly intermittent hypoxia, sympathetic overstimulation, oxidative stress, and damaging effects of endothelin-1 (ET-1) [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Predictors of Ocular Complications in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients: A Cross-sectional Case-control Study

Morsy¹,

Amani²,

Magda³

et al. 2019

TORMJ

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Purpose:This study sought to identify the magnitude and the possible risk factors of ocular complications in patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA).Methods:A hospital-based cross-sectional study with a nested case-control design was conducted. Qualifying study subjects were patients who had been diagnosed with moderate to severe OSA (AHI index of ≥ 5, n=80), and control subjects (n=20) who had an AHI index of ≤ 5 (“normal”). Study participants were recruited from Mansoura University Hospital’s Sleep Disorders Clinic in Mansoura, Egypt.Selected subjects were assessed for ocular complications at Mansoura Univerity Hospital Ophthalmic Center, (Mansoura), Egypt. An ophthalmic history was recorded, and opthalmic testing was carried out. The testing included unaided visual acuity measurement, refraction, best-corrected visual acuity measurement, slit lamp bio-microscopic evaluation of the anterior segment and anterior segment photography, dilated fundus examination, intraocular pressure measurement, fundus photo, and fluorescein angiography, and visual field assessment. Various tests of OSA symptoms were also monitored, including the AHI, lowest oxygen concentrations and desaturation index plus the overall severity index. .Results:It was found that OSA patients n=28 (35%), n=24 (30%), n=4 (5%) had senile cataract, normal tension glaucoma, and retinal ischemia, respectively, with an overall prevalence of 45%. Additionally, the OSA group had seven times greater risk (OR=7.36, 95%CI: 1.6-33.86) of vision-threatening disorders compared to the controls. OSA patients were observed to be at a greater risk of senile cataract 28 (35%), normal tension glaucoma 24 (30%), retinal ischemia 4 (5%) and conjunctival hyperemia and dry eye (OR=3.77, 95%CI: 1.02-13.95, OR=4.36, 95%CI: 1.26-17.08). Also, multivariate logistic regression analysis testing showed that the lowest oxygen saturation index was the only significant predictor negatively associated with vision-threatening disorders (OR=0.84, 95%CI: 0.75-0.93).Conclusion:The risk of vision-threatening and non-threatening ocular disorders is higher among OSA cases. The lowest oxygen saturation index was the only significant predictor of vision-threatening disorders. These findings support the recommendation that a full ophthalmic examination should be carried out on patients with confirmed OSA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Predictors of Ocular Complications in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients: A Cross-sectional Case-control Study

Morsy¹,

Amani²,

Magda³

et al. 2019

TORMJ

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“…FES is a condition characterized by easily rotating and drooping lids, papillary conjunctivitis, and corneal epithelial erosions (11). The prevalence of FES in the general population ranges from 2.3% to 3.8% (12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome on the Eye

Yavuz¹,

Şekeryapan²,

Karataş³

et al. 2021

hamidiyemedj

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Background:The purpose of this study is to investigate the eye pathologies, primarily glaucoma and Floppy Eyelid syndrome (FES), of patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea syndrome (OSAS). Materials and Methods:One hundred sixty two patients with OSAS, who were diagnosed through polysomnography (PSG), were consulted to the ophthalmology clinic. The patients were classified on the Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). It was accepted that AHI≤5 was normal, 5≤ AHI <15 was mild OSAS, 15≤ AHI <30 was moderate OSAS, and AHI ≥30 was severe OSAS. Results:The mean age of the patients was 48.9±10.6 years. Statistically, there was a significant correlation between age and body mass index for the groups. It was observed that moderate and severe OSAS groups had FES more frequently for both eyes. There was no increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) and no presence of optic disc edema, which might cause glaucoma, in any of our patients. We could not find a correlation between AHI and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer, IOP and C/D ratio and there was no significant difference among the study groups. Conclusion:For the moderate and severe groups, the frequency of FES was significantly correlated for both eyes of patients. The etiological studies have shown relatively more frequent OSAS among the patients with non-arteritis ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) and glaucoma in the literature. Therefore, we believe patients with OSAS need to be examined for glaucoma and NAION for a long term. Moreover, it would be helpful to refer pulmonology clinics for PSG for patients who has FES, glaucoma and NAION with an unknown etiology.

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“…The reported frequency of unilateral KC using computerized videokeratography techniques ranges between 0.5 and 4% [2]. Different studies [15][16][17][18][19] have shown that KC patients display a higher prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea compared with the general population. Another study has shown an association between floppy eyelid syndrome and KC [20]; it seems to be a cause of corneal collagen crosslinking failure [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorrect sleeping position and eye rubbing in patients with unilateral or highly asymmetric keratoconus: a case-control study

Mazharian

Panthier

Courtin

et al. 2020

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Purpose To evaluate eye rubbing and sleeping position in patients with Unilateral or Highly Asymmetric Keratoconus (UHAKC). Methods Case-control study of consecutive UHAKC patients diagnosed at the Rothschild Foundation. Controls were age- and sex-matched, randomly selected refractive surgery clinic patients. Patients self-administered questionnaires regarding their family history of keratoconus, eye rubbing, and sleeping habits. All the eyes underwent a comprehensive ocular examination. Logistic regression was used to analyze univariate and multivariate data to identify risk factors for keratoconus. Results Thirty-three UHAKC patients and 64 controls were included. Univariate analyses showed that daytime eye rubbing [OR = 172.78], in the morning [OR = 24.3], or in eyes with the steepest keratometry [OR = 21.7] were significantly different between groups. Allergy [OR = 2.94], red eyes in the morning [OR = 6.36], and sleeping on stomach/sides [OR = 14.31] or on the same side as the steepest keratometry [OR = 94.72] were also significantly different. The multivariate model also showed statistical significance for most factors including daytime eye rubbing [OR = 134.96], in the morning [OR = 24.86], in the steepest eye [OR = 27.56], and sleeping on stomach/sides [OR = 65.02] or on the steepest side [OR = 144.02]. A univariate analysis in UHAKC group, comparing the worse and better eye, showed that eye rubbing [OR = 162.14] and sleeping position [OR = 99.74] were significantly (p < 0.001) associated with the worse eye. Conclusion Our data suggests that vigorous eye rubbing and incorrect sleeping position are associated with UHAKC. This is especially true in rubbing the most afflicted eye, and contributory sleep position, including positions placing pressure on the eye with the steepest keratometry.

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Eye disorders associated with obstructive sleep apnoea

Abstract: This review highlights the need for ophthalmologists to consider OSA in their patients and also makes recommendations for future research studies, especially whether therapies for OSA can be effective for ocular disorders also.

Cited by 20 publications

References 21 publications

Prevalence and Predictors of Ocular Complications in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients: A Cross-sectional Case-control Study

Prevalence and Predictors of Ocular Complications in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients: A Cross-sectional Case-control Study

Effects of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome on the Eye

Incorrect sleeping position and eye rubbing in patients with unilateral or highly asymmetric keratoconus: a case-control study

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