Eye direction aftereffect

Seyama, Jun'ichiro; Nagayama, Ruth S.

doi:10.1007/s00426-004-0188-3

Cited by 47 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In this study, another person's gaze shift affected the appearance of motion stimuli. In addition to the previously used approaches of measuring reaction time for detecting static targets (e.g., Driver et al, 1999;Friesen & Kingstone, 1998;Langton & Bruce, 1999), or accuracy for discriminating static gaze direction (Ando, 2002;Jenkins, Beaver, & Calder, 2006;Ricciardelli, Baylis, & Driver, 2000;Seyama & Nagayama, 2006;Sinha, 2000;Todorović, 2006), our approach offers a new index for the assessment of the dynamic state of attention by measuring the modulation of perceived motion direction by the dynamic gaze shift. In Bavelier et al (2002), although the researchers demonstrated that another person's gaze shift induced motion perception against a static horizontal line, it differs from our experiment in that they used the static gaze direction to examine the effect of gaze cueing on motion perception.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Gaze Cueing Alters the Perceived Direction of Apparent Motion

Yamada

Kawabe

Miura

2008

PSYCHOLOGIA -An International Journal of Psychological Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Visual attention automatically shifts in the direction of another person's gaze shift. However, this gaze cueing effect has been tested only in static situations. In the present study, we examined whether dynamic gaze cueing, triggered by the dynamic gaze shift of another person, could alter the perceived direction of apparent motion. In Experiment 1, we presented a drifting or counterphased flickering sinusoidal grating in the upper visual field and a pictorial face stimulus with its eyes smoothly moved towards the left or right side of the grating in the lower visual field. Observers were asked to report the perceived motion direction in the grating; consequently, it was biased in the direction of the gaze shift. In Experiment 2, we ruled out the possibility of motion capture due to the motion signals in the eyes as a source of bias in the previous experiment. From these results, we concluded that dynamic gaze cueing altered perceived motion direction, and we proposed the usefulness of our approach in exploring gaze perception in dynamic environments.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Gaze Cueing Alters the Perceived Direction of Apparent Motion

Yamada

Kawabe

Miura

2008

PSYCHOLOGIA -An International Journal of Psychological Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…eye direction after-effect [14]). Such responsiveness of gaze seems to affect what kind of impression is perceived by the partner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responsive robot gaze to interaction partner

Yoshikawa¹,

Shinozawa²,

Ishiguro³

et al. 2006

Robotics: Science and Systems II

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-Eyes play a central role in human-human communication, for example, in directing attention and regulating turntaking. For this reason, the eyes have been a central topic in several fields of interaction study. Although many psychological findings have encouraged previous work in both human-computer and human-robot interaction studies, there have been few explorations from the viewpoint of the timing of gaze behavior. In this study, the impression a person forms from an interaction is regarded to be strongly influenced by the feeling of being looked at which is assumed to be based on the responsiveness of the other's gaze to the person's one and be the basis of impression conveyance as a communicative being. In this paper, we built a robot that could move its gaze responsively to its interaction partner's one to explore the effect of responsive gaze. In this paper, we evaluated two primitive ways of controlling a robot's gaze responsively to its partner and confirmed that robots with such responsive gaze could give stronger feeling of being looked at than ones with non-responsive gaze.

show abstract

“…For example, after looking at a picture of a male face, an androgynous face can appear feminine (Webster et al, 2004). Analogous effects occur between faces of different expressions (Hsu & Young, 2010), ethnicities (Webster et al, 2004), ages (Schweinberger et al, 2010), eye gaze directions (Jenkins, Beaver, & Calder, 2006;Seyama & Nagayama, 2006), head directions (Fang & He, 2005), and identities (Leopold et al, 2001).…”

Section: Adaptation To Faces and Other Complex Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aftereffects induced by the direction of eye gaze (Seyama & Nagayama, 2006) and head viewpoint (Fang & He, 2005), for instance, seem to be better accounted for by a multichannel coding scheme Calder et al, 2008;Lawson et al, 2011.…”

Section: Reasons To Question the Norm-based Opponent Coding Account Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large literature has subsequently developed on face aftereffects, demonstrating that they not only impact apparent facial configuration, but also the apparent race (Webster et al, 2004), age (Schweinberger et al, 2010), gender (Rhodes et al, 2004), emotional expression (Hsu & Young, 2010), gaze direction (Seyama & Nagayama, 2006), head direction (Fang & He, 2005), and identity (Leopold et al, 2001) of a face. .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Norms are Not the Norm: Testing Theories of Sensory Encoding Using Visual Aftereffects

Storrs¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Queensland in 2015School of Psychology A B S T R A C TThe goal of visual neuroscience is to explain how patterns of neural activity give rise to visual experiences. Here I use visual aftereffects to explore the computational principles underlying the perception of simple, intermediate, and complex forms (orientations, shapes, and faces). Aftereffects occur when exposure to one stimulus changes the appearance of a subsequent stimulus. In the tilt aftereffect, for example, staring at a left-tilted line can make a vertical line seem briefly to lean to the right. Aftereffects are thought to be caused by neural adaptation -changes in the responsiveness of neurons after prolonged stimulation.Visual aftereffects allow us to probe sensory encoding, because adaptation within different encoding schemes can predict different patterns of perceptual aftereffect. I focus on two theories of encoding prominent in the face recognition literature. According to norm-based accounts, faces are represented in terms of how they deviate from a unique norm, such as the average of all experienced faces. Similar proposals have been raised in other contexts, for example to encode the aspect ratio of shapes. Norm-based encoding can be implemented by a population in which neurons respond increasingly as a stimulus moves further in the neuron's preferred direction, away from a normative value in stimulus space. Alternatively, exemplar-based accounts propose that faces are encoded in terms of their similarity to a number of previously-experienced exemplars. Exemplar-based encoding can be implemented by a population of non-monotonically tuned neurons that prefer particular points in stimulus space, rather than directions.Norm-based and exemplar-based accounts make distinct predictions for the pattern of aftereffects one should experience following adaptation. Norm-based encoding is associated with renormalisation, in which the adapting stimulus appears more 'neutral' or 'average' after prolonged viewing, and the appearances of other stimuli are altered in the same fashion (e.g. after adapting to a male face, all faces should look more feminine).Exemplar-based encoding is associated with 'local repulsion,' in which the adapting stimulus appears unchanged, but differences between it and subsequent stimuli are exaggerated (e.g. after adapting to a male face, a very masculine face should look even more masculine, while an androgynous or female face should look more feminine).Over the past fifteen years, norm-based theories of shape and face encoding have gained traction, ostensibly supported by evidence from aftereffects. In Chapter 1, I review this evidence, and relate it to an older debate concerning the role of norms in orientation perception. I conclude that the evidence for renormalisation in form perception is under-2 3 whelming. In Chapter 2 I empirically address the most recent evidence for orientation renormalisation. I show that these data likely arise from an ...

show abstract

Eye direction aftereffect

Cited by 47 publications

References 42 publications

Dynamic Gaze Cueing Alters the Perceived Direction of Apparent Motion

Dynamic Gaze Cueing Alters the Perceived Direction of Apparent Motion

Responsive robot gaze to interaction partner

Norms are Not the Norm: Testing Theories of Sensory Encoding Using Visual Aftereffects

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About