Extrusion improved the anti‐inflammatory effect of amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) hydrolysates in LPS‐induced human THP‐1 macrophage‐like and mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages by preventing activation of NF‐κB signaling

Abstract

Amaranth hydrolysates inhibited LPS-induced inflammation in human and mouse macrophages by preventing activation of NF-κB signaling. Extrusion improved anti-inflammatory effect of amaranth hydrolysates in both cells, which might be attributed to the production of bioactive peptides during processing.

Pepsin-pancreatin protein hydrolysates from extruded amaranth inhibit markers of atherosclerosis in LPS-induced THP-1 macrophages-like human cells by reducing expression of proteins in LOX-1 signaling pathway

“…Also, the increase in ROS produce the activation of NF-κB, likewise some other markers such as IL-1α, SDF-α and IL-32/α/β/γ also activate NF-κB [27,43]. NF-κB is a family of transcription factors involved in many pathways including inflammation [26]. In our previous work [26] we found peptides from amaranth hydrolysates with potential antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory activity.…”

“…Extrusion, a high temperature–short time technology, has been used to obtain pre-cooked flours with high nutritional value [24], antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory activity [25,26]. Montoya-Rodríguez et al [26] reported, in extruded amaranth flour, peptides with active sequences and potential antithrombotic activity.…”

“…Montoya-Rodríguez et al [26] reported, in extruded amaranth flour, peptides with active sequences and potential antithrombotic activity. However, no studies have been reported on the effect of extrusion on the anti-atherosclerotic potential of amaranth hydrolysates in human macrophages.…”

Gambogenic acid inhibits LPS-simulated inflammatory response by suppressing NF-κB and MAPK in macrophages

“…Activated NF-κB is involved in immune regulation, inflammatory response, cell growth, and antiapoptosis via phosphorylating IκB and shifting into the nucleus [40][41][42]. Notably, previous studies have shown that the suppression of NF-κB pathway is associated with anti-inflammatory responses [43][44][45][46]. Therefore, we explored whether GEA could regulate NF-κB signaling pathways.…”

Bioactive Peptides by in vitro Digestion of Germinated Bean Cotyledons Extrudates

“…within the beans like the trypsin inhibitors and lipoxygenases (Atienzo Lazos et al, 2011). Extrusion enhanced the anti-inflammatory effect of amaranth (Amaranthus hyochondriacus) flour soluble protein hydrolysates (Montoya-Rodrí guez et al, 2014a;Montoya-Rodrí guez et al, 2014b;Montoya-Rodrí guez et al, 2015). Extrusion and germination have already been successfully used to improve common beans nutritional properties and the development of new food products (Kelkar et al, 2012;López et al, 2013;Nyombaire et al, 2011;Simons et al, 2014;Vidal-Valverde et al, 2002).…”