Extrusion Blow Molding

Thielen, Michael

doi:10.3139/9781569908419.fm

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 1 publication

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“…Though injection moulding and compression moulding are the most common processing methods for LFTs, other processing methods have been developed such as injection compression moulding [20], extrusion blow moulding [25,174], Direct Incorporation of Continuous Fibres (DIF) [175,176], and the LFT foam process [177][178][179].…”

Section: Process Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of Long fibre thermoplastic (LFT) composites

Ning

Lü

Hassen

et al. 2019

International Materials Reviews

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Long fibre-reinforced thermoplastic or long fibre thermoplastic (LFT) composites possess superior specific modulus and strength, excellent impact resistance, and other advantages such as ease of processability, recyclability, and excellent corrosion resistance. These advantages make LFT composites one of the most advanced lightweight engineering materials and enable their increasing use in various applications. This review paper summarises the research and development work that has been conducted on LFT composites since their initial development. Different aspects of LFTs, such as process development, fibre orientation distribution (FOD), fibre length distribution (FLD), and their effects on the mechanical properties of LFT composites are described. The characterisation of the FOD and FLD in the LFT composites using advanced imaging technology such as highresolution 3D micro-CT scanning technique is summarised. Research and development of LFT hybridisation and LFT additives are also discussed. Finally, conclusions are made and the future outlook of LFT composites is given.

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Section: Process Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of Long fibre thermoplastic (LFT) composites

Ning

Lü

Hassen

et al. 2019

International Materials Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Packaging Weight, Filling Ratio and Filling Efficiency of Yogurt and Relevant Packagings Depending on Commercial Packaging Design, Material, Packaging Type and Filling Quantity

Kostic

Hoffmann

Fürtauer

et al. 2022

Dairy

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Yogurt is a diverse dairy product category. It is available in different packaging designs made of different materials. To identify potential for improvement for these packagings, a better understanding about used materials and packaging efficiencies is necessary. For this study, 150 dairy products and some yogurt relevant desserts were bought from various supermarkets, street markets and discounters in the Munich region (Germany) in spring 2022. Commercial types of packaging are cups, buckets, pouches, bottles, glass packagings and bricks. The filling ratio of most packagings is above 70%, the rest of the volume is headspace. Poly(1-methylethylene) (PP) and poly(1-phenylethene) (PS) dominate as main materials for the different types of packaging. For bottle packagings, poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and polyethene high-density (PE-HD) are used. Interestingly, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is not found. Closures (caps) are responsible for 5 to 30% of the total packaging weight. Typical filling efficiencies are 20 to 40 g food product packaged in one gram of packaging material. For glass packagings, the values are 1.5 to 2 g food product packaged in one gram of packaging material. Therefore, plastic packaging results in an at least ten-times lower packaging use per unit of food, at single use packagings. With increasing product weights, we observe a tendency towards higher packaging efficiencies. By using paper/carton wrapping at cups, plastic use is reduced for the whole packaging.

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Extrusion Blow Molding

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

A review of Long fibre thermoplastic (LFT) composites

A review of Long fibre thermoplastic (LFT) composites

Packaging Weight, Filling Ratio and Filling Efficiency of Yogurt and Relevant Packagings Depending on Commercial Packaging Design, Material, Packaging Type and Filling Quantity

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