Extrusion-based fabrication of electrodes for high-energy Li-ion batteries

Seeba, J.; Reuber, Sebastian; Heubner, Christian; Müller-Köhn, Axel; Wolter, Mareike; Michaelis, Alexander

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2020.125551

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…More precisely, the particle shape was found to play a key role. In this study, CBs were spherical with a diameter of 50 nm while the graphite particles are flake shaped and are much larger, i.e., 3 microns [89]. This corroborates the findings as small and spherical particles tend to move more easily than bigger flake-shaped particles thus decreasing the torque.…”

Section: Extrusion Parameters For Electrode Preparationsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…An extra step of polishing was required to obtain a homogeneous electrode thickness. Finally, the solvent was evaporated at 120 • C [89]. This process is a hybrid between the classical wet process, as NMP is required to dissolve PVdF and make it processable, and a melt process as an extruder is used.…”

Section: Porous Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the CB agglomerates can be broken by increasing the rotational speed, they can also be broken by increasing the processing time. The impact of extruder residence time on the electrode viscosity was studied by Sheeba et al They showed that when increasing the number of passes from 1 to 3, the blend viscosity of the mixture containing 4 wt.% CB increased while the blend viscosity of the mixture containing 8 wt.% CB decreased [89]. They concluded that the increasing effect is related to the breakage of CB agglomerates leading to an increase of the surface area which diminishes the binder to surface area ratio resulting in a higher viscosity.…”

Section: Extrusion Parameters For Electrode Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenges in Solvent-Free Methods for Manufacturing Electrodes and Electrolytes for Lithium-Based Batteries

et al. 2021

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With the ever-growing energy storage notably due to the electric vehicle market expansion and stationary applications, one of the challenges of lithium batteries lies in the cost and environmental impacts of their manufacture. The main process employed is the solvent-casting method, based on a slurry casted onto a current collector. The disadvantages of this technique include the use of toxic and costly solvents as well as significant quantity of energy required for solvent evaporation and recycling. A solvent-free manufacturing method would represent significant progress in the development of cost-effective and environmentally friendly lithium-ion and lithium metal batteries. This review provides an overview of solvent-free processes used to make solid polymer electrolytes and composite electrodes. Two methods can be described: heat-based (hot-pressing, melt processing, dissolution into melted polymer, the incorporation of melted polymer into particles) and spray-based (electrospray deposition or high-pressure deposition). Heat-based processes are used for solid electrolyte and electrode manufacturing, while spray-based processes are only used for electrode processing. Amongst these techniques, hot-pressing and melt processing were revealed to be the most used alternatives for both polymer-based electrolytes and electrodes. These two techniques are versatile and can be used in the processing of fillers with a wide range of morphologies and loadings.

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Section: Extrusion Parameters For Electrode Preparationsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Porous Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extrusion Parameters For Electrode Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Challenges in Solvent-Free Methods for Manufacturing Electrodes and Electrolytes for Lithium-Based Batteries

et al. 2021

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“…Extrusion-based solutions are hybrid solutions of wet and dry coatings. Instead of batch mixers, extruders are used, which are capable of transporting suspensions with a significantly higher content of solids [94]. The processing of suspensions with a solids content of over 90% instead of the usual 40%-70% is currently being researched and is already in initial industrial use [95].…”

Section: B Approaches To Realizing Dry Coating Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Future in Battery Production: An Extensive Benchmarking of Novel Production Technologies as Guidance for Decision Making in Engineering

Degen

Krätzig

2024

IEEE Trans. Eng. Manage.

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Due to the rising interest in electric vehicles, the demand for more efficient battery cells is increasing rapidly. To support this trend, battery cells must become much cheaper and "greener." Energy consumption during production is a major driver of cost and CO 2 emissions. The drying production step is one of the major energy consumers and cost drivers. The technological approach of "dry coating" allows the energy-intensive drying step to be eliminated for significant energy and cost savings. However, there are numerous emerging dry coating technologies that differ significantly in physics, chemistry, and readiness levels. Moreover, typical methodological procedures for technology selection remain less applicable to the early stages of technological development. Both issues raise the questions, "What is the most promising dry coating technology?" and "How do we identify it?" To answer these questions, a comprehensive, systematic technology benchmark was conducted. Following a four-step analytical approach, based on the nominal group technique, qualitative content analysis, and multicriteria decision analysis, different dry coating technologies were identified, analyzed, and cross-compared. This was performed qualitatively and quantitatively. We also forecast which factor will impact the application of the most promising technologies for CO 2 emission rate reductions and cost savings in 2030. In summary, four different technologies were identified with a high chance of technological breakthrough within the next 3-5 years. By applying these technologies, 4.76 million tons of CO 2 could be saved per year by 2030.

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“…[11] Combination of the continuous mixing process with the subsequent continuous production steps can be named as further advantage. Additional results for the application of a twin-screw extruder in the production of battery slurry have been published by Dreger et al, [14] Haarmann et al [17] and Seeba et al [18] Apart from those findings, only a little information about the understanding of the extrusion process in this application is available today.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Continuous Processing of Cathode Slurry by Extrusion for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

2021

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In this work, detailed investigations concerning a continuous mixing process for lithium‐ion battery (LIB) electrodes are conducted. NCM622 (Li(Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2)O2) cathode electrodes are fabricated on behalf of a corotating twin screw extruder. Studies are performed concerning different material compositions and processing parameters, such as screw speed. Processing routes in relation to feeding of binder to the process zones as a dry powder or presolved in a liquid are examined. The produced cathode slurries are analyzed concerning rheological properties and dispersing degree, meaning particle size distribution. Subsequently, the coated electrodes are characterized regarding electrical conductivity, mechanical properties, and pore size distribution. Up to the present, the continuous mixing process of LIB electrodes is barely investigated. This study provides deep insight into the process–structure–property relations of the continuous mixing process.

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Extrusion-based fabrication of electrodes for high-energy Li-ion batteries

Cited by 32 publications

References 20 publications

Challenges in Solvent-Free Methods for Manufacturing Electrodes and Electrolytes for Lithium-Based Batteries

Challenges in Solvent-Free Methods for Manufacturing Electrodes and Electrolytes for Lithium-Based Batteries

Future in Battery Production: An Extensive Benchmarking of Novel Production Technologies as Guidance for Decision Making in Engineering

Continuous Processing of Cathode Slurry by Extrusion for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

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