Extremophiles: A Novel Source of Industrially Important Enzymes

Kumar, Lalit; Awasthi, Gyanendra; Singh, B. N.

doi:10.3923/biotech.2011.121.135

Cited by 86 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Antarctic bacteria have been reported to pro− duce a range of polymer degrading enzymes (Kumar et al 2011;Loperena et al 2012;Tropeano et al 2012), but few studies on ribonuclease and phytase produc− tion by Antarctic bacteria have been reported (Reddy et al 1994;Park and Cho 2011). Detection of a variety of biopolymer−degrading enzymes produced by the tested Antarctic bacteria suggested their key role in the degradation of the organic matter in their natural environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Psychrophilic and psychrotolerant microorganisms have developed various adaptations to extreme environments through physiological and ecological mecha− nisms (Russell 1998;De Maayer et al 2014). Enzymes are an essential target for adaptation of microorganisms to extreme environments with considerable poten− tial for industrial application (Feller and Gerday 2003;Cavicchioli et al 2011;Kumar et al 2011;Gesheva and Vasileva−Tonkova 2012;Loperena et al 2012;Tropeano et al 2012). Moreover, Antarctic bacteria may develop ecologically im− portant capabilities in response to the impact of different stresses such as halo− tolerance, metal tolerance and antibiotic resistance, which provide them with se− lective advantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of heavy metals resistant heterotrophic bacteria from soils in the Windmill Islands region, Wilkes Land, East Antarctica

Tomova¹,

Stoilova−Disheva²,

Vasileva−Tonkova³

2014

Polish Polar Research

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Abstract:In this study, selected heavy metals resistant heterotrophic bacteria isolated from soil samples at the Windmill Islands region, Wilkes Land (East Antarctica), were character− ized. Phylogenetic analysis revealed affiliation of isolates to genera Bacillus, Lysini− bacillus, Micrococcus and Stenotrophomonas. The strains were found to be psychrotolerant and halotolerant, able to tolerate up to 10% NaCl in the growth medium. The Minimum In− hibitory Concentration of the seven heavy metals Cr, Cu, Ni, Co, Cd, Zn, and Pb was deter− mined in solid media for each bacterial strain. Gram−positive Vi−2 strain and Gram−negative Vi−4 strain showed highest multiply heavy metals resistance, and Vi−3 and Vi−4 strains showed multi−antibiotic resistance to more than a half of the 13 used antibiotics. Plasmids were detected only in Gram−negative Vi−4 strain. The bacteria were able to produce differ− ent hydrolytic enzymes including industrially important proteases, xylanases, cellulases, and b−glucosidases. High heavy metals resistance of the Antarctic bacteria suggests their potential application for wastewater treatment in cold and temperate climates. Highly sensi− tive to Cd and Co ions Vi−1, Vi−5 and Vi−7 strains would be promising for developing biosensors to detect these most toxic heavy metals in environmental samples.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of heavy metals resistant heterotrophic bacteria from soils in the Windmill Islands region, Wilkes Land, East Antarctica

Tomova¹,

Stoilova−Disheva²,

Vasileva−Tonkova³

2014

Polish Polar Research

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“…Because extracellular hydrolytic enzymes have diverse possible applications in a variety of industries, their detection and characterization from extremophilic microorganisms is one of the most active fields of applied microbiology research (Kumar et al 2011). In psychrophilic and psychrotolerant bacteria, in particular, exoenzymes and other products are being studied for their use in a wide range of processes because of their potential to speed these up and to be active in processes requiring low temperatures, as well as their potential to reduce energy expenses, minimize the loss of volatile compounds and reduce contamination risks (Collins et al 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

Culturable heterotrophic bacteria from Potter Cove, Antarctica, and their hydrolytic enzymes production

Tropeano¹,

Coria²,

Turjanski³

et al. 2012

Polar Research

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Affiliations of the dominant culturable bacteria isolated from Potter Cove, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, were investigated together with their production of cold-active hydrolytic enzymes. A total of 189 aerobic heterotrophic bacterial isolates were obtained at 4°C and sorted into 63 phylotypes based on their amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis profiles. The sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes of representatives from each phylotype showed that the isolates belong to the phyla Proteobacteria (classes Alpha- and Gamma-proteobacteria), Bacteroidetes (class Flavobacteria), Actinobacteria (class Actinobacteria) and Firmicutes (class Bacilli). The predominant culturable group in the site studied belongs to the class Gammaproteobacteria, with 65 isolates affiliated to the genus Pseudoalteromonas and 58 to Psychrobacter. Among the 189 isolates screened, producers of amylases (9.5%), pectinases (22.8%), cellulases (14.8%), CM-cellulases (25.4%), xylanases (20.1%) and proteases (44.4%) were detected. More than 25% of the isolates produced at least one extracellular enzyme, with some of them producing up to six of the tested extracellular enzymatic activities. These results suggest that a high culturable bacterial diversity is present in Potter Cove and that this place represents a promising source of biomolecules

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“…The enzymes produced by microorganisms living in extreme environments are considered versatile tools for the development and improvement of a variety of in− dustrial and biotechnological processes (Gomes and Steiner 2004) owing to their biodegradability, specific stability under extreme or non−conventional conditions, improved use of raw materials and lower amounts of waste products (Margesin et al 2007;Kumar et al 2011;Loperena et al 2012). Cold−adapted enzymes in par− ticular, are one of the main focuses of the bioprospecting for extremozymes, with a number of them currently used in industrial processes (Cavicchioli et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular hydrolytic enzyme production by proteolytic bacteria from the Antarctic

Tropeano¹,

Vázquez²,

Coria³

et al. 2013

Polish Polar Research

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Cold−adapted marine bacteria producing extracellular hydrolytic enzymes are important for their industrial application and play a key role in degradation of particulate or− ganic matter in their natural environment. In this work, members of a previously−obtained protease−producing bacterial collection isolated from different marine sources from Potter Cove (King George Island, South Shetlands) were taxonomically identified and screened for their ability to produce other economically relevant enzymes. Eighty−eight proteolytic bacterial isolates were grouped into 25 phylotypes based on their Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis profiles. The sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes from represen− tative isolates of the phylotypes showed that the predominant culturable protease−producing bacteria belonged to the class Gammaproteobacteria and were affiliated to the genera Pseu− domonas, Shewanella, Colwellia, and Pseudoalteromonas, the latter being the predominant group (64% of isolates). In addition, members of the classes Actinobacteria, Bacilli and Flavobacteria were found. Among the 88 isolates screened we detected producers of amylases (21), pectinases (67), cellulases (53), CM−cellulases (68), xylanases (55) and agarases (57). More than 85% of the isolates showed at least one of the extracellular enzy− matic activities tested, with some of them producing up to six extracellular enzymes. Our results confirmed that using selective conditions to isolate producers of one extracellular Pol. Polar Res. 34 (3): 253-267, 2013Res. 34 (3): 253-267, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 253-267, 2013 doi: 10.2478/popore−2013−0014 Unauthenticated Download Date | 5/10/18 5:03 PM enzyme activity increases the probability of recovering bacteria that will also produce addi− tional extracellular enzymes. This finding establishes a starting point for future programs oriented to the prospecting for biomolecules in Antarctica.

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Extremophiles: A Novel Source of Industrially Important Enzymes

Cited by 86 publications

References 99 publications

Characterization of heavy metals resistant heterotrophic bacteria from soils in the Windmill Islands region, Wilkes Land, East Antarctica

Characterization of heavy metals resistant heterotrophic bacteria from soils in the Windmill Islands region, Wilkes Land, East Antarctica

Culturable heterotrophic bacteria from Potter Cove, Antarctica, and their hydrolytic enzymes production

Extracellular hydrolytic enzyme production by proteolytic bacteria from the Antarctic

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