Extremely low hepatitis C prevalence among HIV co-infected individuals in four countries in sub-Saharan Africa

Loarec, Anne; Carnimeo, Valentina; Molfino, Lucas; Kizito, Walter; Muyindike, Winnie; Andrieux-Meyer, Isabelle; Balkan, Suna; Nzomukunda, Yvonne; Mwanga-Amumpaire, Juliet; Ousley, Janet; Bygrave, Helen; Maman, David

doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000002070

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Our findings are consistent with those reported in HIV-positive pregnant women from Cameroon (7.7%), 25 higher than to reported in Nigeria (0.5%), 26 Botswana (3.1%), 27 Rwanda (4.1%), 19 and Sudan (5.6%), 28 but is lower than that reported in Ethiopia (12.1%), 12 and Ghana (14.9%). 29 The proportion of HIV/HCV co-infection observed in our cohort was compared to reported in southern (3.3%) and north (42.3%) of sub-Saharan Africa, 30 and European countries (12.3%). 31 Most of the time, high HIV/HBV coinfection is attributed to the fact they share mutual routes of transmission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

HIV, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and syphilis among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Luanda, Angola: Seroprevalence and risk factors

Sebastião

Neto

Jandondo

et al. 2020

Journal of Medical Virology

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Infectious diseases during pregnancy remain a public health concern, especially in a resource‐limited setting. The study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and determinants of HIV and co‐infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and syphilis among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Luanda, the capital city of Angola. A cross‐sectional study was conducted with 1612 pregnant women screened for HIV during antenatal care. HIV‐reactive were also screened for the HBV, HCV, and syphilis using immunoassay kits. A logistic regression model, adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and their 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated with a level of significance set at 5%. The overall seroprevalence of HIV was 2.6%. About 13% of HIV‐positive pregnant women were coinfected. From which, 7.5% were reactive to HBV and 5% to syphilis. There was no reactivity to HCV. Pregnant women younger aged than 25 years were significantly protected from HIV‐infection (AOR, 0.43 [95% CI, 0.20‐0.91], P = .026). The co‐infection was 1.3 times (AOR, 0.04‐41.0) in younger aged than 25 years, 7.0 times (AOR, 0.50‐99.2) to residents in urbanized areas, and 1.4 times (AOR, 0.10‐20.9) in pregnant women with a high educational level. In conclusion, infectious diseases are a public health burden among pregnant women in Luanda. However, include an integrated antenatal screening mainly in urbanized areas is crucial to reduce the spread of infectious diseases in different communities of Angola.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

HIV, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and syphilis among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Luanda, Angola: Seroprevalence and risk factors

Sebastião

Neto

Jandondo

et al. 2020

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…The prevalence demonstrated in this review was higher in Mozambique (30/2600 [1.15%]) than in Malawi (2/385 [0.5%]), Uganda (18/7400 [0.24%]) or Kenya (10/4500 [0.22%]). 43 While an HBV–HIV prevalence of 32.0% (168/531) was demonstrated in Cameroon, 44 a systematic review reported that among 8162 participants in Ghana, there was a pooled prevalence of 13.6% for HBV–HIV co-infection. 45 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of viral hepatitis B and C in Sierra Leone—current knowledge and knowledge gaps: a narrative review

Lakoh

García-Tardón²,

Adekanmbi

et al. 2021

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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There are no comprehensive data on viral hepatitis from Sierra Leone; however, a huge disease burden has been observed in different subpopulations. This review summarizes available data on hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV) prevalence in Sierra Leone and identifies knowledge gaps. Despite the non-uniformity of the studies and the lack of systematic case recording, different reports published in recent decades yielded a hepatitis B prevalence of 8.7% among healthcare workers, 11.3% among pregnant women, 15.2% among blood donors and 16.7% in school-age children. The actual HBV prevalence in the general population was reported as 21.7%; similar to what was reported for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV). HCV prevalence is 8% and 7% in male and female blood donors, respectively, 4.1% in PLHIV and 2.0% in school children. There are significant knowledge gaps regarding the prevalence of viral hepatitis B and C in Sierra Leone, despite the high burden reported in a few studies. There are limited programmatic interventions on the control and prevention of viral hepatitis in the country. Therefore, well-structured representative studies should provide a solid understanding of the true prevalence of hepatitis B and C to inform best possible public health measures in Sierra Leone.

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“…10 15 16 This is especially high when compared with the general population HCV prevalence in Kenya of <1%-4%. 17 18 However, multiple barriers exist at individual, provider and system levels resulting in low rates of testing, engagement in care and completion of treatment courses for PWID. [19][20][21] Although less than 20% of PWID with chronic HCV worldwide have undergone antibody screening, the number who have completed PCR confirmatory testing is even lower.…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer-mediated HIV assisted partner services to identify and link to care HIV-positive and HCV-positive people who inject drugs: a cohort study protocol

et al. 2021

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IntroductionTargeted, tailored interventions to test high-risk individuals for HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are vital to achieving HIV control and HCV microelimination in Africa. Compared with the general population, people who inject drugs (PWID) are at increased risk of HIV and HCV and are less likely to be tested or successfully treated. Assisted partner services (APS) increases HIV testing among partners of people living with HIV and improves case finding and linkage to care. We describe a study in Kenya examining whether APS can be adapted to find, test and link to HIV care the partners of HIV-positive PWID using a network of community-embedded peer educators (PEs). Our study also identifies HCV-positive partners and uses phylogenetic analysis to determine risk factors for onward transmission of both viruses.MethodsThis prospective cohort study leverages a network of PEs to identify 1000 HIV-positive PWID for enrolment as index participants. Each index completes a questionnaire and provides names and contact information of all sexual and injecting partners during the previous 3 years. PEs then use a stepwise locator protocol to engage partners in the community and bring them to study sites for enrolment, questionnaire completion and rapid HIV and HCV testing. Outcomes include number and type of partners per index who are mentioned, enrolled, tested, diagnosed with HIV and HCV and linked to care.Ethics and disseminationPotential index participants are screened for intimate partner violence (IPV) and those at high risk are not eligible to enrol. Those at medium risk are monitored for IPV following enrolment. A community advisory board engages in feedback and discussion between the community and the research team. A safety monitoring board discusses study progress and reviews data, including IPV monitoring data. Dissemination plans include presentations at quarterly Ministry of Health meetings, local and international conferences and publications.Trial registration numberNCT03447210, Pre-results stage.

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Extremely low hepatitis C prevalence among HIV co-infected individuals in four countries in sub-Saharan Africa

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

HIV, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and syphilis among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Luanda, Angola: Seroprevalence and risk factors

HIV, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and syphilis among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Luanda, Angola: Seroprevalence and risk factors

Prevalence of viral hepatitis B and C in Sierra Leone—current knowledge and knowledge gaps: a narrative review

Peer-mediated HIV assisted partner services to identify and link to care HIV-positive and HCV-positive people who inject drugs: a cohort study protocol

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