Extremely high energy neutrinos from cosmic strings

Abstract

Superstring theory and other supersymmetric theories predict the existence of relatively light, weakly interacting scalar particles, called moduli, with a universal form of coupling to matter. Such particles can be emitted from cusps of cosmic strings, where extremely large Lorentz factors are achieved momentarily. Highly boosted modulus bursts emanating from cusps subsequently decay into gluons, they generate parton cascades which in turn produce large numbers of pions and then neutrinos. Due to very large Lorentz factors, extremely high energy neutrinos, up to the Planck scale and above, are produced. For some model parameters, the predicted flux of neutrinos with energies 10 21 eV is observable by JEM-EUSO and by the future large radio detectors LOFAR and SKA.

Discrete gauge symmetry and Aharonov-Bohm radiation in string theory

“…The constraint is given by the cascade energy density accumulated up to the present age, [46][47][48][49],…”

“…Before this time, produced photos are absorbed by the cosmological medium. Here, we assume t cas O(10 14∼15 )[s], following [46][47][48][49].…”

Ultra high energy photons and neutrinos with JEM-EUSO

“…They can also be produced by cosmic ray interactions in the acceleration sites [15][16][17][18]. Furthermore, they can be generated in top-down scenarios involving the decay of super heavy relic particles or topological defects [19][20][21] though this is disfavored by current data. Very recently, the IceCube Collaboration reported an observation of 28 neutrino candidates in the energy range 10 TeV < E ν < 1 PeV [22].…”

Radiation of supersymmetric particles from Aharonov-Bohm R-string

“…The loop number density of cosmic strings that loose the energy through two types of radiation was discussed in the literatures [24][25][26][29][30][31][32]. Among them, the discussion shown in [24] offers a transparent treatment of two kinds of emissions.…”