Extremely halophilic archaea and the issue of long-term microbial survival

Fendrihan, Sergiu; Legat, Andrea; Pfaffenhuemer, M.; Gruber, Claudia; Weidler, Gerhard; Gerbl, Friedrich W.; Stan‐Lotter, Helga

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6285-8_8

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Interactions between entombed microbes are evidenced by the improved recovery of the haloarchaeon Haloquadratum walsbyi when co‐entombed with the Bacteroidetes species Salinibacter ruber compared with when entombed alone (Gramain et al ., 2011 ). Additionally, some haloarchaea minimize their cell size to reduce metabolic requirements (Fendrihan et al ., 2006 ; Winters et al ., 2015 ; Jaakkola et al ., 2016 ). Survival within halite crystals may enable some haloarchaea to survive over geological time (McGenity et al ., 2000 ; Fendrihan et al ., 2006 ; Lowenstein et al ., 2011 ; Jaakkola et al ., 2016 ), potentially making halophilic Archaea the oldest living organisms on Earth as well as leading candidates for astrobiological studies (Fendrihan et al ., 2009 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, some haloarchaea minimize their cell size to reduce metabolic requirements (Fendrihan et al ., 2006 ; Winters et al ., 2015 ; Jaakkola et al ., 2016 ). Survival within halite crystals may enable some haloarchaea to survive over geological time (McGenity et al ., 2000 ; Fendrihan et al ., 2006 ; Lowenstein et al ., 2011 ; Jaakkola et al ., 2016 ), potentially making halophilic Archaea the oldest living organisms on Earth as well as leading candidates for astrobiological studies (Fendrihan et al ., 2009 ). Notably, many studies of entombed archaeal communities from ancient halite show a reduction in community diversity compared to contemporary brine communities, suggesting that not all haloarchaea survive well in halite (Gramain et al ., 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extremely halophilic archaeal communities are resilient to short‐term entombment in halite

Huby

Clark

McKew

et al. 2020

Environmental Microbiology

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Some haloarchaea avoid the harsh conditions present in evaporating brines by entombment in brine inclusions within forming halite crystals, where a subset of haloarchaea survives over geological time. However, shifts in the community structure of haliteentombed archaeal communities remain poorly understood. Therefore, we analysed archaeal communities from in situ hypersaline brines collected from Trapani saltern (Sicily) and their successional changes in brines versus laboratory-grown halite over 21 weeks, using high-throughput sequencing. Haloarchaea were dominant, comprising >95% of the archaeal community. Unexpectedly, the OTU richness of the communities after 21 weeks was indistinguishable from the parent brine and overall archaeal abundance in halite showed no clear temporal trends. Furthermore, the duration of entombment was less important than the parent brine from which the halite derived in determining the community composition and relative abundances of most genera in halite-entombed communities. These results show that halite-entombed archaeal communities are resilient to entombment durations of up to 21 weeks, and that entombment in halite may be an effective survival strategy for near complete communities of haloarchaea. Additionally, the dominance of 'halite specialists' observed in ancient halite must occur over periods of years, rather than months, hinting at long-term successional dynamics in this environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extremely halophilic archaeal communities are resilient to short‐term entombment in halite

Huby

Clark

McKew

et al. 2020

Environmental Microbiology

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“…Growth of halophilic archaea required 1.7 to 2.5 M sodium chloride (NaCl) salt in media. However, most halophilic can grow at higher NaCl salt concentrations like 5.5 M. Haloarchaea live and thrive in higher salty natural habitats such as brine lakes, dead sea water, and marine solar salter [126][127][128]. Notably, highly halophilic archaea are usually found in brackish water with a high concentration of sodium chloride.…”

Section: Culture Media For Halophilic Archaeamentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Approaches of Culturing the Unculturable Archaea

Rafiq,

Hassan,

Rehman

et al. 2023

Biology

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Since Carl Woese’s discovery of archaea as a third domain of life, numerous archaeal species have been discovered, yet archaeal diversity is poorly characterized. Culturing archaea is complicated, but several queries about archaeal cell biology, evolution, physiology, and diversity need to be solved by culturing and culture-dependent techniques. Increasing interest in demand for innovative culturing methods has led to various technological and methodological advances. The current review explains frequent hurdles hindering uncultured archaea isolation and discusses features for more archaeal cultivation. This review also discusses successful strategies and available media for archaeal culturing, which might be helpful for future culturing practices.

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“…Within the Euryarchaeota, Halobacteria reads dominated. Halobacteria belong to the extreme halophilic Archaea, which can be found in hypersaline environments (> 10 % salt up to saturation) such as salt lakes or saline sediments (Grant and Ross, 1986;Fendrihan et al, 2007;Oren, 2014).…”

Section: Composition and Community Changes Of Bacteria And Archaeamentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaerosols and atmospheric ice nuclei in a Mediterranean dryland: Community changes related to rainfall

Tang

Sánchez-Parra

Yordanova

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Certain biological particles are highly efficient ice nuclei (IN), but the actual contribution of bioparticles to the pool of atmospheric IN and their relation to precipitation are not well characterized. We investigated the composition of bioaerosols, ice nucleation activity, and the effect of rainfall by metagenomic sequencing and freezing experiments of aerosol samples collected during the INUIT 2016 campaign in a rural dryland on the Eastern Mediterranean island Cyprus. Taxonomic analysis showed community changes related to rainfall. For the rain-affected samples, we found higher read proportions of fungi, in particular of Agaricomycetes, which are a class of fungi actively discharging their spores into the atmosphere in response to humidity changes. In contrast, the read proportions of bacteria were reduced, indicating an effective removal of bacteria by precipitation. Freezing experiments showed that the IN population in the investigated samples was influenced by both rainfall and dust events. For example, filtration and heat treatment of the samples collected during and immediately after rainfall yielded enhanced fractions of heat-sensitive IN in the size ranges larger than 5 μm and smaller than 0.1 μm, which were likely of biological origin (entire bioparticles and soluble macromolecular bio-IN). In contrast, samples collected in periods with dust events were dominated by heat-resistant IN active at lower temperatures, most likely mineral dust. The DNA analysis revealed low numbers of reads related to microorganisms that are known to be IN-active. This may reflect unknown sources of atmospheric bio-IN as well as the presence of cell-free IN macromolecules that do not contain DNA, in particular for sizes < 0.1 μm. The observed effects of rainfall on the composition of atmospheric bioaerosols and IN may influence the hydrological cycle (bioprecipitation cycle) as well as the health effects of air particulate matter (pathogens, allergens).

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Extremely halophilic archaea and the issue of long-term microbial survival

Cited by 7 publications

References 86 publications

Extremely halophilic archaeal communities are resilient to short‐term entombment in halite

Extremely halophilic archaeal communities are resilient to short‐term entombment in halite

Challenges and Approaches of Culturing the Unculturable Archaea

Bioaerosols and atmospheric ice nuclei in a Mediterranean dryland: Community changes related to rainfall

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