Extremely cold and persistent stratospheric Arctic vortex in the winter of 2010–2011

Hu, Yongyun; Xia, Yan

doi:10.1007/s11434-013-5945-5

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…The star in Figure indicates the observed mean NAM index for the period 17 March to 15 April 2011 estimated from the ERA‐Interim data. Consistent with Hu and Xia [], we find a strongly positive NAM index value of 2.02 σ in the reanalysis in spring 2011. Our simulations suggest that NAM index value exceeding 2 σ is a rare event with index value of such magnitude appearing only twice in R‐SST, 3 times in R‐O3, 4 times in R‐ALL, and never in CONTR.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the first time in the observational record, ozone destruction over the Arctic was comparable to that in the Antarctic ozone hole [ Manney et al ., ]. In addition, large positive values of tropospheric NAM index, about 2 standard deviations above the climatology, were observed in late March and April 2011 following the period of a strong stratospheric polar night jet [ Hu and Xia , ]. The April mean tropospheric NAM index values were unprecedented in the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis since 1950 (http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/precip/CWlink/daily_ao_index/ao.shtml).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A model study of tropospheric impacts of the Arctic ozone depletion 2011

Karpechko

Perlwitz

Manzini

2014

J. Geophys. Res. Atmos.

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Record Arctic ozone loss in spring 2011 occurred in concert with record positive values of the tropospheric Northern Annular Mode (NAM) index raising the question about the role of stratospheric driver on this tropospheric climate event. A set of 50 years long simulations by atmospheric general circulation model European Centre/Hamburg version 5 (ECHAM5) is carried out and the responses of the model to observed anomalies in stratospheric ozone (O3) and sea surface temperatures (SST) separately and also the response to combined SST and O3 forcing (ALL) are analyzed. In all three experiments the response is characterized by a strengthening of stratospheric polar vortex in March-April. In the ALL experiment, this strengthening is followed by a significant, long-lasting shift of the tropospheric circulation toward a positive NAM phase and increased probability of occurrence of extremely positive NAM events. The combined effect of the O3 and SST forcings on the stratospheric circulation differs from the sum of the individual O3 and SST responses, most likely due to nonlinear effects, leading to a colder stratosphere in February-March. In the troposphere, the sum of the individual responses is comparable in magnitude to the ALL response, but the individual responses are delayed with respect to that in ALL. In summary, these results suggest that both ozone-induced stratospheric cooling and tropospheric forcing associated with the SST anomalies contributed to the record tropospheric climate anomalies observed in spring 2011.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model study of tropospheric impacts of the Arctic ozone depletion 2011

Karpechko

Perlwitz

Manzini

2014

J. Geophys. Res. Atmos.

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“…The Arctic polar vortex showed low temperatures and highspeed zonal winds, and it was associated with a weak stratospheric wave activity and a strong positive phase of the Arctic Oscillation. All these effects caused an enhanced ozone chemical loss greater than 80%(Arnone et al 2012;Krzyscin 2012;Hu and Xia 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

Dynamical and temporal characterization of the total ozone column over Spain

et al. 2014

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As the ozone is one of the most relevant variables in the climate system, to get further in its long-term characterization is a critical issue. In this study, measurements of total ozone column (TOC) from five well-calibrated Brewer spectrophotometers placed in the Iberian Peninsula are analyzed. The ozone recovery is observed for the period 1993-2012, with a significant positive trend of +9.3 DU per decade in Central Iberian Peninsula. However, the low TOC levels during 2011 and 2012 over the study region notably reduce the rate of the TOC temporal trend. Empirical linear relationships are established between TOC and pressure, height, and temperature of the tropopause. The three linear fits showed seasonal and latitudinal dependence, being the relationships stronger during winter and spring months. Events with the presence of a double tropopause (DT) are proved to be characteristic of the study region. The decrease in TOC levels when these anomalous events occur is quantified around 10% in winter and spring with respect to the usual cases with a single tropopause. The total weight of the DT events with respect to the annual values is about 20%, with a negligible occurrence in summer and autumn and being latitudinal-dependent. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index explains the 30% of the total ozone variability in winter. The DT events are found to be more frequent with a positive phase of NAO index.

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“…As can be expected, the Arosa/ Davos TCO is about 10% higher and much more variable than the near-global mean showing strong spikes in 1993 (after Mt. Pinatubo eruption due to a hemispheric asymmetry of the ozone signal (Aquila et al, 2013)) and 2011 (when the northern polar vortex was rather strong and persistent during the cold season (Hu and Xia, 2013)). The correlation coefficient between the near-global (northern hemisphere) means and Arosa/Davos TCO is 0.74 (0.87).…”

Section: Using Arosa/davos Total Column Ozone Data For the Reconstruction Of The Global Or Hemispheric Mean Total Column Ozone Behavior Fmentioning

confidence: 56%

Representativeness of the Arosa/Davos Measurements for the Analysis of the Global Total Column Ozone Behavior

et al. 2021

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The study investigates the representativeness of the total column ozone (TCO) measurements from the ground-based instruments located at the Arosa/Davos stations in Switzerland to analyze the global ozone layer behavior in the past and future. The statistical analysis of the satellite and model data showed a high correlation of the ground-based TCO data with the near-global and northern hemisphere annual mean TCO for the 1980–2018 period. Addition of the Arosa/Davos TCO data as a proxy to the set of standard explanatory variables for multiple linear regression analysis allows estimating the TCO behavior from 1926 up to the present day. We demonstrate that the real-time measurements and high homogeneity level of the Arosa/Davos TCO time series are also beneficial for quick estimates of the future ozone layer recovery.

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Extremely cold and persistent stratospheric Arctic vortex in the winter of 2010–2011

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

A model study of tropospheric impacts of the Arctic ozone depletion 2011

A model study of tropospheric impacts of the Arctic ozone depletion 2011

Dynamical and temporal characterization of the total ozone column over Spain

Representativeness of the Arosa/Davos Measurements for the Analysis of the Global Total Column Ozone Behavior

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