Extremely Anisotropic Multi-functional Skin for Morphing Applications

Abstract

Because of their anisotropic properties, corrugated panels are good candidates for morphing skin applications. Their non-smoothness, however, might result in disadvantageous aerodynamic effects. In this work, we suggest the use of electro-bonded laminates (EBL) to realize a smooth corrugated skin. The EBL is applied to a double corrugation (DCo) design, which offers greater structural performance than conventional corrugations. Experimental tests indicate that the electrical adhesion force is sufficient for the intended application. The electrical bonding is also shown to improve the dissipative properties of the skin, which help to counteract vibrations arising from the high axial compliance. The behavior can be modified by varying the applied voltage, thus resulting in a tunable system.

Creative design for sandwich structures: A review

“…Norman et al 66,67 investigated the properties of multi-stable corrugated shell structures by using a simplified analytical elastic model and morphing of curved corrugated shells. Previtali et al 68 utilized the anisotropic properties of corrugated panels to design morphing skin. Seong et al 70 designed bidirectionally corrugated cores optimally to reduce the anisotropic behaviors of sandwich structures.…”

“…Corrugated sandwich structures are widely used in aeronautics, aerospace, naval, civil engineering, and automobile industries for their outstanding load-bearing and energy-absorbing capacities. 60 –70 The corrugated core between the face sheets has various geometrics such as rectangular cores, triangular cores, trapezoidal cores, arc-tangent cores, and sinusoidal cores as shown in Figure 10. Extensive research has been conducted on corrugated sandwich structures design in recent years.…”

The mechanics of composite corrugated structures: A review with applications in morphing aircraft

“…Kazemahvazi et al [20,21] and Previtali et al [29,30] also proposed two works in this regard, although with different purposes. In the first work, the local corrugated elements were replaced by PMI foam and a local sandwich panel were applied to the inclined members of the global corrugated sheet.…”

“…(a) Corrugated core with elastomeric coating [33] (b) Twisted bi-stable corrugated core [22] (c) Curved corrugated sheet and some of its global deformations [23] (d) Schematic of bi-directional corrugated core [26] (e) Schematic of corrugated bi directional core, [27] (f) Schematics of Hierarchical corrugated core sandwich panel [28] (g) PMI foam filled hierarchical corrugated sheet Kazemahvazi et al [21] (h) Double wall corrugated concept Previtali et al [30] (i) Schematics of extruded pyramidal lattice truss sandwich structure, [32] Figure 1: Corrugated structures developments and concepts…”

Aero-structural optimization of shape memory alloy-based wing morphing via a class/shape transformation approach

“…In the literature, many works that address camber morphing mechanisms 6 incorporate solutions for alleviating strain in a morphed airfoil section such as rolling leading edge skin, 7 corrugated skins, [8][9][10] sliding skins, 11 and flexible skin. [12][13][14][15][16][17] The segmented concept herein presented requires none of these and remains smooth and continuous.…”