Extreme Wind-Wave Characteristics in the North Indian Ocean in a Changing Climate

Bhaskaran, Prasad K.; Neelamani, S.; Al-Salem, Khaled; Krishnan, Athira; Albert, Jiya; Sreelakshmi, S.

doi:10.1007/978-981-19-2511-5_9

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Surface wind generates wind waves; local wind generates wind seas and wind from remote regions gives birth to waves that travel long distances and form swells (Young, 1999). Along the Indian coastline, wind and wave climate signi cantly induce coastal inundation and ooding (Gayathri et Various studies have examined the historical trends of SWH and WS (Wang and Swail, 2001;Dodet et al, 2010;Semedo et al, 2011;Zheng et al, 2017;Bhaskaran et al, 2022). Ocean wave height is forecasted to continue surging in the 21st century (Dobrynin et al, 2012;Semedo et al, 2012;Lemos et al, 2019;Bernardino et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, maximum wind speed exhibit signi cant increases throughout the NIO basin, while the mean wind speed exhibit substantial increases in the southern part and decreases in the northern part of the NIO (Sreelakshmi and Bhaskaran, 2020). Trends in extreme wind-wave activity are examined in the extratropical regions of IO and NIO, and it is found that the rate of increase is 3.3 cm year − 1 and 0.27 cm year − 1 , respectively (Bhaskaran and Neelamani et al, 2022). However, the available literature provides limited information regarding the trend analysis for mean and extreme wind and wave climate at critical port locations along the Indian coastline using Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trend Analysis of Extreme Wind and Wave Height at Key Port Locations along the Indian Coastline

Prasad,

Kumar,

Singh

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Long-term trends of wind speed (WS) and significant wave height (SWH) in the Arabian Sea (AS) and Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of great interest to scientists, engineers, climate modelers, and policymakers. It is associated with global climate change and efficient offshore and near-shore socio-economic activity management. In this study, the climatology and variability of mean and extreme SWH and WS is determined during the monsoon (JJA) and post-monsoon (SON) seasons along the Indian coastline during 1979--2021 using ERA5 reanalysis datasets. The generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution is utilized to determine the extreme values of SWH and WS. Further, linear trend analysis is also carried out at six key port locations (Paradip, Visakhapatnam, Chennai, Mumbai, Mangalore, and Kochi) along the Indian coastline. The outcome reveals that mean SWH displays an increasing trend (Paradip, Visakhapatnam, Chennai, Mumbai, Mangalore, and Kochi) during JJA and SON seasons while mean WS shows a decreasing trend in JJA season and an increasing trend in SON season. The maximum rate of increase in extreme SWH is observed at Kochi (r=0.78 cm yr-1) and Paradip port (1.32 cm yr-1) during JJA and SON seasons, respectively. In SON season, extreme WS exhibits an increasing trend at all six locations, and the rate of increase is maximum at Visakhapatnam (3.46 cm s-1 yr-1), followed by Paradip (3.39 cm s-1 yr-1) and minimum at Mumbai (1.84 cm s-1 yr-1). Kochi and Paradip ports experienced a significant increase in extreme SWH and WS during JJA and SON seasons, respectively.

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