Extreme waves, modulational instability and second order theory: wave flume experiments on irregular waves

Onorato, Miguel; Osborne, A. R.; Serio, M.; Cavaleri, Luigi; Brandini, Carlo; Stansberg, Carl Trygve

doi:10.1016/j.euromechflu.2006.01.002

Cited by 217 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The influence of nonlinearity on the prediction of extreme wave heights is also investigated and some statistical characteristics of maximum wave height are presented on the basis of the initial Benjamin-Feir index (BFI). This complements similar experimental work and analysis performed in Onorato et al (2006) and Mori et al (2007), by using new experimental data. This paper is organized as follows: in Sect.…”

Section: H D Zhang Et Al: Modeling Extreme Wave Heights From Laborsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…As γ increases, the spectrum becomes higher and narrower around the peak frequency. In the present simulations, γ = 3 and ω is estimated with halfwidth at half maximum of the computed wave spectrum and Onorato et al, 2006). The initial JONSWAP random surface elevation has been synthesized as sums of independent harmonic components, by means of the inverse fast Fourier transform of complex random Fourier amplitudes, which are prepared according to the "random realization approach" by using random spectral amplitudes as well as random phases (Onorato and Proment, 2011).…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The deviation from Gaussian structure is mainly attributed to modulation instability in the wave train, which can be considered as a quasiresonant four-wave interaction in unidirectional narrowband waves. The third-order nonlinear interactions between free wave modes, described quantitatively by means of the coefficient of kurtosis λ 40 , are responsible for the large amplitude events and the increased probability of occurrence of abnormal waves, as shown in a series of studies (e.g., Hagen, 2002; Onorato et al, 2006;Mori et al, 2007;Cherneva et al, 2009Cherneva et al, , 2011Shemer et al, 2009Shemer et al, , 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Modeling extreme wave heights from laboratory experiments with the nonlinear Schrödinger equation

Zhang¹,

Soares²,

Cherneva³

et al. 2014

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Spatial variation of nonlinear wave groups with different initial envelope shapes is theoretically studied first, confirming that the simplest nonlinear theoretical model is capable of describing the evolution of propagating wave packets in deep water. Moreover, three groups of laboratory experiments run in the wave basin of CEHIPAR (Canal de Experiencias Hidrodinámicas de El Pardo, known also as El Pardo Model Basin) was founded in 1928 by the Spanish Navy. are systematically compared with the numerical simulations of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Although a little overestimation is detected, especially in the set of experiments characterized by higher initial wave steepness, the numerical simulation still displays a high degree of agreement with the laboratory experiments. Therefore, the nonlinear Schrödinger equation catches the essential characteristics of the extreme waves and provides an important physical insight into their generation. The modulation instability, resulting from the quasi-resonant four-wave interaction in a unidirectional sea state, can be indicated by the coefficient of kurtosis, which shows an appreciable correlation with the extreme wave height and hence is used in the modified Edgeworth-Rayleigh distribution. Finally, some statistical properties on the maximum wave heights in different sea states have been related with the initial Benjamin-Feir index.

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Section: H D Zhang Et Al: Modeling Extreme Wave Heights From Laborsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Modeling extreme wave heights from laboratory experiments with the nonlinear Schrödinger equation

Zhang¹,

Soares²,

Cherneva³

et al. 2014

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…The main objective of the present work is to demonstrate the existence of the collision process of Akhmediev breathers in real physical systems, so complete control of all the physical parameters is required in the first phase, which prevents any statistical analysis. It is still of fundamental importance to consider the coherent and deterministic approach to the understanding of rogue-wave phenomena in realistic oceanic conditions [17,18]. A recent work has investigated the interaction between waves and ships during extreme ocean conditions using such breather solutions [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collision of Akhmediev Breathers in Nonlinear Fiber Optics

2013

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We report here a novel fiber-based test bed using tailored spectral shaping of an optical-frequency comb to excite the formation of two Akhmediev breathers that collide during propagation. We have found specific initial conditions by controlling the phase and velocity differences between breathers that lead, with certainty, to their efficient collision and the appearance of a giant-amplitude wave. Temporal and spectral characteristics of the collision dynamics are in agreement with the corresponding analytical solution. We anticipate that experimental evidence of breather-collision dynamics is of fundamental importance in the understanding of extreme ocean waves and in other disciplines driven by the continuous nonlinear Schrödinger equation.

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“…[3] The scientific community has studied the topic experimentally (in water tanks) [Onorato et al, 2004[Onorato et al, , 2006, observationally (with satellite imaging, for example) [Dankert et al, 2003;Schulz-Stellenfleth and Lehner, 2004], and theoretically [Kharif and Pelinovsky, 2003]. A review of recent progress in freak wave forecasting can be found in an article by Dysthe et al [2008].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic study of rogue wave probability distributions in a fourth‐order nonlinear Schrödinger equation

Ying¹,

Kaplan²

2012

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] Nonlinear instability and refraction by ocean currents are both important mechanisms that go beyond the Rayleigh approximation and may be responsible for the formation of freak waves. In this paper, we quantitatively study nonlinear effects on the evolution of surface gravity waves on the ocean, to explore systematically the effects of various input parameters on the probability of freak wave formation. The fourth-order current-modified nonlinear Schrödinger equation (CNLS 4 ) is employed to describe the wave evolution. By solving CNLS 4 numerically, we are able to obtain quantitative predictions for the wave height distribution as a function of key environmental conditions such as average steepness, angular spread, and frequency spread of the local sea state. Additionally, we explore the spatial dependence of the wave height distribution, associated with the buildup of nonlinear development.

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Extreme waves, modulational instability and second order theory: wave flume experiments on irregular waves

Cited by 217 publications

References 39 publications

Modeling extreme wave heights from laboratory experiments with the nonlinear Schrödinger equation

Modeling extreme wave heights from laboratory experiments with the nonlinear Schrödinger equation

Collision of Akhmediev Breathers in Nonlinear Fiber Optics

Systematic study of rogue wave probability distributions in a fourth‐order nonlinear Schrödinger equation

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