Extreme wave statistical methods and implications for coastal analyses

Hiles, Clayton E.; Robertson, Bryson; Buckham, Bradley J.

doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2019.04.010

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…A cyclone genesis and tracking algorithm [66] is applied to the entire 40-year record of 700 hPa relative vorticity (RV) global fields and the closest cyclones to each LA centroid at the time of the annual maximum wind speeds are identified. The locations of the cyclones at three hourly intervals are identified using the local maxima anomalies spectrally filtered fields of relative vorticity (see full details in [67]).…”

Section: Cyclone Genesis and Trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme Wind and Waves in U.S. East Coast Offshore Wind Energy Lease Areas

et al. 2021

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The Outer Continental Shelf along the U.S. east coast exhibits abundant wind resources and is now a geographic focus for offshore wind deployments. This analysis derives and presents expected extreme wind and wave conditions for the sixteen lease areas that are currently being developed. Using the homogeneous ERA5 reanalysis dataset it is shown that the fifty-year return period wind speed (U50) at 100 m a.s.l. in the lease areas ranges from 29.2 to 39.7 ms−1. After applying corrections to account for spectral smoothing and averaging period, the associated pseudo-point U50 estimates are 34 to 46 ms−1. The derived uncertainty in U50 estimates due to different distributional fitting is smaller than the uncertainty associated with under-sampling of the interannual variability in annual maximum wind speeds. It is shown that, in the northern lease areas, annual maximum Swind speeds are generally associated with intense extratropical cyclones rather than cyclones of tropical origin. Extreme wave statistics are also presented and indicate that the 50-year return period maximum wave height may substantially exceed 15 m. From this analysis, there is evidence that annual maximum wind speeds and waves frequently derive from the same cyclone source and often occur within a 6 h time interval.

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Section: Cyclone Genesis and Trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme Wind and Waves in U.S. East Coast Offshore Wind Energy Lease Areas

et al. 2021

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“…Univariate or bivariate extreme value analysis methods are utilized; Peak-overthreshold (POT) is univariate method for the n-year wave definition, while environmental contour is a bivariate approach considering the joint distribution of wave height and period to characterize the environmental conditions. The available univariate and bivariate methods for extreme sea states characterization are reviewed in [10]. High quality data sources of environmental conditions are required for the extreme value analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Point-Absorbing Wave Energy Conversion System in 50-Years Return Period Extreme Focused Waves

Katsidoniotaki

Nilsson

Rutgersson

et al. 2021

JMSE

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This work evaluates the survivability of a point-absorbing wave energy converter at sea states along and inside the 50-year environmental contour for a selected-site in North Sea, by utilizing CFD simulations. Focused wave groups based on NewWave theory are used to model the extreme waves. The numerical breaking waves have been previously predicted by the analytical breaking criterion, showing that the latter provides an accurate estimate for the breaking state. The forces on key components of the device and the system’s dynamics are studied and compared. Slamming loads are identified in the interaction with extreme waves, particularly with breaking waves, and compared with the analytical formulas for slamming estimation as suggested by industrial standards. Considering the extreme wave characteristics, the accompanied phenomena and the resulting WEC’s response, this work contributes to the identification of the design-waves given the environmental contour of the selected site. The top-left side of the contour is identified as the more critical area as it consists of steep and high waves inducing significant nonlinear phenomena, resulting in high loads.

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“…In order to ensure that offshore and coastal structures are reliable both in terms of structure and economic viability, it is of paramount importance to accurately estimate the behavior of the extreme values of the involved environmental variables during the design process and risk assessment. The literature on extreme value modeling of wave parameters is rich; e.g., [16][17][18]. Typical wave parameters that are analyzed in the context of extreme value analysis through statistical approaches are wave height and wave period, which are mainly obtained through long-term (of the order of 30 years or more) hindcast databases and measurements with constant statistical properties in time.…”

Section: Directional Extreme Wave Data Analysis At Offshore and Nearsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Offshore-to-Nearshore Transformation of Wave Conditions and Directional Extremes with Application to Port Resonances in the Bay of Sitia-Crete

et al. 2020

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For coastal engineering studies and the efficient design of ports and harbors, reliable information concerning wave conditions in nearshore and coastal sites is needed. In the absence of long-term wave data at the site of interest, this becomes possible by using offshore data, which are usually available in the nearby geographical area, in addition to bathymetric and coastline information concerning the nearshore area and the local site. The latter are used in conjunction with a suitable wave model, which calculates the offshore-to-nearshore transformation of wave conditions and incorporates the relevant shallow-water phenomena. In the present work, the above methodology is applied to calculate the nearshore wave conditions in the Bay of Sitia, Crete, by applying the Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) model. The interesting feature of the Bay of Sitia is its vulnerability due to strong erosion, which downgrades the touristic value of the beach. Furthermore, nearshore wave data offer valuable information concerning further coastal and port engineering studies. In this context, results from directional extreme value analysis of the nearshore wave conditions in the Sitia Bay are derived and used to investigate resonances in the enclosed marina of the Sitia port, by taking into account the depth variations inside the basin. To this end, a novel method was developed based on the modified mild-slope equation, in conjunction with the Finite Element Model, for the solution of the nonlinear eigenvalue problem.

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Extreme wave statistical methods and implications for coastal analyses

Cited by 22 publications

References 26 publications

Extreme Wind and Waves in U.S. East Coast Offshore Wind Energy Lease Areas

Extreme Wind and Waves in U.S. East Coast Offshore Wind Energy Lease Areas

Response of Point-Absorbing Wave Energy Conversion System in 50-Years Return Period Extreme Focused Waves

Offshore-to-Nearshore Transformation of Wave Conditions and Directional Extremes with Application to Port Resonances in the Bay of Sitia-Crete

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