Extreme temperatures and violence

Raleigh, Clionadh; Linke, Andrew M.; Ο’Loughlin, John

doi:10.1038/nclimate2101

Cited by 77 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Most arguments are generic to any form of violence. Individual-level arguments on heat and aggression and in the moment direct scrambles over resources are generally eschewed in the literature on political violence [11] and therefore excluded.…”

Section: Suggested General Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change and Violence: Insights from Political Science

Theisen

2017

Curr Clim Change Rep

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Purpose of Review The aim of this review is to understand the state of the art of research related to climate change and collectively organized violence from a broad political science perspective. Recent Findings An increasing share of quantitative studies find a link between weather anomalies and violence for some forms of violence, but the directions are not always consistent and the mechanisms are not satisfactorily understood. Nonnaturalist scholars note important reservations. Summary Important improvements have been made during the last few years, but much remains to conclude that climate change will increase the risk of violence. An increased focus on the political consequences of adaptation and mitigation is needed.

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Section: Suggested General Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change and Violence: Insights from Political Science

Theisen

2017

Curr Clim Change Rep

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“…Rampino 2002), so widely condemned in the disasters literature (e.g. Raleigh et al 2014), it nevertheless raises the question of global vulnerability and the complexity of networked societies and nations. While many studies have examined the impacts of past large magnitude eruptions (e.g.…”

Section: Large Magnitude Explosive Eruptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imagining the Unimaginable: Communicating Extreme Volcanic Risk

Donovan

Oppenheimer

2016

Advances in Volcanology

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This chapter considers the challenges surrounding the management of extreme volcanic risk. We examine eruption scenarios based on past episodes and assess the key issues that might arise should similar events occur in the future. The nature of such eruptions will entail transboundary and multi-scalar hazards. In a globalised world, the geopolitical and societal issues that are likely to emerge cannot all be predicted, and communication technologies themselves are likely to be affected. We explore two aspects: communication prior to the eruption, and communication during the eruption. To the best of our knowledge, all large eruptions are presaged by sensible phenomena but the enduring challenge for volcanic hazard assessment and risk management will remain the uncertainty surrounding evaluations of the likelihood, timing, nature and magnitude of potentially damaging activity. At present, too, communication of volcanic risk beyond the borders of the country where the volcano is located is generally patchy and unsystematic in most parts of the world (with the exception of the threat of ash clouds to aviation). In the preparatory phase, it is also critical to establish robust communication strategies that are resilient during an eruption. Such strategies would be essential for communicating the availability of supplies, the extent and nature of damage, and the ongoing status of the eruption.

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“…Given that contextual vulnerability represents dominant portrayal of vulnerability in climate conflict studies, and offers a promising entry point for analysts, researchers, and policy-makers aiming for a robust disentangling of the climate conflict nexus, we find reasons to advocate a framing of climate conflict as a vulnerability-based question that orients towards a needs-based agenda advanced in Raleigh et al (2014). Such an agenda seeks to rescale the debate "bottom-upward" to highlight specificity and differences, and to combine threat-centred thinking and rhetoric about dangers emanating from climate shocks with a discourse along simplistic contextual vulnerability lines (Jasparro and Taylor, 2008).…”

Section: Portrayals Of Vulnerability Across Climate Conflict Discoursmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on contextual vulnerability in discourses of climate conflict

2016

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Abstract. The science of climate security and conflict is replete with controversies. Yet the increasing vulnerability of politically fragile countries to the security consequences of climate change is widely acknowledged. Although climate conflict reflects a continuum of conditional forces that coalesce around the notion of vulnerability, how different portrayals of vulnerability influence the discursive formation of climate conflict relations remains an exceptional but under-researched issue. This paper combines a systematic discourse analysis with a vulnerability interpretation diagnostic tool to explore (i) how discourses of climate conflict are constructed and represented, (ii) how vulnerability is communicated across discourse lines, and (iii) the strength of contextual vulnerability against a deterministic narrative of scarcity-induced conflict, such as that pertaining to land. Systematically characterising climate conflict discourses based on the central issues constructed, assumptions about mechanistic relationships, implicit normative judgements and vulnerability portrayals, provides a useful way of understanding where discourses differ. While discourses show a wide range of opinions "for" and "against" climate conflict relations, engagement with vulnerability has been less pronounced -except for the dominant context centrism discourse concerned about human security (particularly in Africa). In exploring this discourse, we observe an increasing sense of contextual vulnerability that is oriented towards a concern for complexity rather than predictability. The article concludes by illustrating that a turn towards contextual vulnerability thinking will help advance a constructivist theory-informed climate conflict scholarship that recognises historicity, specificity, and variability as crucial elements of contextual totalities of any area affected by climate conflict.

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Extreme temperatures and violence

Cited by 77 publications

References 10 publications

Climate Change and Violence: Insights from Political Science

Climate Change and Violence: Insights from Political Science

Imagining the Unimaginable: Communicating Extreme Volcanic Risk

Perspectives on contextual vulnerability in discourses of climate conflict

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