Extreme Nonreciprocal Near-Field Thermal Radiation via Floquet Photonics

Fernández-Alcázar, Lucas J.; Kononchuk, Rodion; Li, Huanan

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.126.204101

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…However, as a semiclassical theory, it does not allow for the simultaneous modeling of quantum vacuum and thermal fluctuations, particularly in their interaction with dynamical systems. In addition, its extension and applicability to time-varying media is not rigorously justified 38 , 39 . In the following, from a first-principles approach, we introduce a full-quantum formalism to thermal emission in time-varying media, which enables the calculation of quantum and thermally fluctuating current correlations, and thermal fields, without the need of any additional assumptions beyond those implicitly set in the Hamiltonian of the system.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incandescent temporal metamaterials

Vázquez-Lozano,

Liberal

2023

Nat Commun

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Regarded as a promising alternative to spatially shaping matter, time-varying media can be seized to control and manipulate wave phenomena, including thermal radiation. Here, based upon the framework of macroscopic quantum electrodynamics, we elaborate a comprehensive quantum theoretical formulation that lies the basis for investigating thermal emission effects in time-modulated media. Our theory unveils unique physical features brought about by time-varying media: nontrivial correlations between fluctuating electromagnetic currents at different frequencies and positions, thermal radiation overcoming the black-body spectrum, and quantum vacuum amplification effects at finite temperature. We illustrate how these features lead to striking phenomena and innovative thermal emitters, specifically, showing that the time-modulation releases strong field fluctuations confined within epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) bodies, and that, in turn, it enables a narrowband (partially coherent) emission spanning the whole range of wavevectors, from near to far-field regimes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incandescent temporal metamaterials

Vázquez-Lozano,

Liberal

2023

Nat Commun

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“…Hence, since subwavelength objects often have absorption cross sections much larger than the geometrical cross-section, the absorptivity might be larger than 1, and could even be completely unbounded, since an arbitrarily large absorption cross-section can be engineered. , Again, using the absorption cross-section instead of the geometrical cross-section fully restores the applicability of Kirchhoff’s radiation law. Notwithstanding the foregoing, it is still possible to greatly violate the detailed balance and, hence, overcome Kirchhoff’s radiation law in macroscopic emitters in the far-field regime by means of nonreciprocal materials. ,, Such a breakdown of reciprocity has been theoretically investigated in various systems, including semitransparent structures, magneto-optical materials, spatiotemporally modulated media, , magnetic Weyl semimetals, or gyrotropic materials . Recently, this violation of Kirchhoff’s law has also been experimentally observed in a system based on a guided-mode resonance coupled to a magneto-optic material .…”

Section: General Aspects Of Thermal Emission Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, a schematic depiction of the general setup enabled by the temporal modulation is shown that can be used to yield a photon-based active cooling mechanism, namely, a thermal photonic refrigerator able to pump heat from a low-temperature to a high-temperature reservoir . Following a similar approach, a Floquet-based (time-varying) thermal diode leading to extreme nonreciprocal near-field thermal radiation has also been theoretically proposed . Yet, it has not been until very recently that a rigorous theoretical basis for studying thermal emission in time-modulated materials has been put forward .…”

Section: Time-dependent Thermal Emission: Dynamic Tuning Of Thermal F...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the Scientific and Technological Breakthroughs in Thermal Emission Engineering

Vázquez-Lozano,

Liberal

2024

ACS Appl. Opt. Mater.

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The emission of thermal radiation is a physical process of fundamental and technological interest. From different approaches, thermal radiation can be regarded as one of the basic mechanisms of heat transfer, as a fundamental quantum phenomenon of photon production, or as the propagation of electromagnetic waves. However, unlike light emanating from conventional photonic sources, such as lasers or antennas, thermal radiation is characterized for being broadband, omnidirectional, and unpolarized. Due to these features, ultimately tied to its inherently incoherent nature, taming thermal radiation constitutes a challenging issue. Latest advances in the field of nanophotonics have led to a whole set of artificial platforms, ranging from spatially structured materials and, much more recently, to time-modulated media, offering promising avenues for enhancing the control and manipulation of electromagnetic waves, from far-to near-field regimes. Given the ongoing parallelism between the fields of nanophotonics and thermal emission, these recent developments have been harnessed to deal with radiative thermal processes, thereby forming the current basis of thermal emission engineering. In this review, we survey some of the main breakthroughs carried out in this burgeoning research field, from fundamental aspects to theoretical limits, the emergence of effects and phenomena, practical applications, challenges, and future prospects.

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“…In the context of thermal radiation, it could be demonstrated that permittivity modulations can introduce nonreciprocity, which manifests in a breakdown of the detailed balance in Kirchhoff's law [53] and can be employed for photonic refrigeration [54]. In similar approaches a combined dynamical modulation of the resonances of heat exchanging objects and their interaction strength was applied, resulting in a heat pumping effect and nonreciprocal heat fluxes in a three-resonator configuration [55,56]. Heat pumping effects also exist when only the interaction strengths in three-body configurations are dynamically modulated [57].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonreciprocal heat flux via synthetic fields in linear quantum systems

Biehs,

Rodriguez-Lopez,

Antezza

et al. 2023

Phys. Rev. A

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We study the heat transfer between N coupled quantum resonators with applied synthetic electric and magnetic fields realized by changing the resonator parameters by external drivings. To this end we develop two general methods, based on the quantum optical master equation and on the Langevin equation for N coupled oscillators where all quantum oscillators can have their own heat baths. The synthetic electric and magnetic fields are generated by a dynamical modulation of the oscillator resonance with a given phase. Using Floquet theory, we solve the dynamical equations with both methods, which allow us to determine the heat flux spectra and the transferred power. We apply these methods to study the specific case of a linear tight-binding chain of four quantum coupled resonators. We find that, in that case, in addition to a nonreciprocal heat flux spectrum already predicted in previous investigations, the synthetic fields induce here nonreciprocity in the total heat flux, hence realizing a net heat flux rectification.

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Extreme Nonreciprocal Near-Field Thermal Radiation via Floquet Photonics

Cited by 22 publications

References 65 publications

Incandescent temporal metamaterials

Incandescent temporal metamaterials

Review on the Scientific and Technological Breakthroughs in Thermal Emission Engineering

Nonreciprocal heat flux via synthetic fields in linear quantum systems

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